In:
American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, American Physiological Society, Vol. 314, No. 3 ( 2018-03-01), p. R366-R376
Abstract:
Long-term cigarette smoking induces inflammatory processes in the pulmonary system that are suggested to “spill over” into systemic inflammation. Regular exercise has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of therapeutic exercise on inflammation and muscle wasting in smoke-exposed mice. C57BL/6J mice ( n = 30) were separated into three groups to receive either 1) no specific treatment (control group), 2) 8-mo exposure to cigarette smoke [smoke-exposed (SE) group] , or 3) 8 mo of cigarette smoke combined with exercise training during the last 2 mo (SEex group). The inflammatory status was analyzed by quantifying levels of various plasma proteins using multiplex ELISA and detection of lymphocyte surface markers by flow cytometry. Muscle tissue was analyzed by histological techniques and measurements of RNA/protein expression. SE led to decreased maximal O 2 uptake (V̇o 2max ) and maximal running speed ( V max ), which was reversed by exercise ( P 〈 0.05). Expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and CD62L on T cells increased and was reversed by exercise ( P 〈 0.05). Similarly, SE induced an increase of various inflammatory cytokines, which were downregulated by exercise. In muscle, exercise improved the structure, oxidative capacity, and metabolism by reducing ubiquitin proteasome system activation, stimulating insulin-like growth factor 1 expression, and the SE-induced inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway ( P 〈 0.05). Exercise training reverses smoke-induced decline in exercise capacity, systemic inflammation, and muscle wasting by addressing immune-regulating, anabolic, and metabolic pathways.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
0363-6119
,
1522-1490
DOI:
10.1152/ajpregu.00316.2017
Language:
English
Publisher:
American Physiological Society
Publication Date:
2018
detail.hit.zdb_id:
1477297-8
SSG:
12
