In:
Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Vol. 129, No. 3 ( 2012-03-01), p. e597-e604
Abstract:
We sought to describe the impact a clinical practice guideline (CPG) had on antibiotic management of children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of discharged patients from a children’s hospital with an ICD-9-CM code for pneumonia (480–486). Eligible patients were admitted from July 8, 2007, through July 9, 2009, 12 months before and after the CAP CPG was introduced. Three-stage least squares regression analyses were performed to examine hypothesized simultaneous relationships, including the impact of our institution\x{2019}s antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP). RESULTS: The final analysis included 1033 patients: 530 (51%) before the CPG (pre-CPG) and 503 (49%) after the CPG (post-CPG). Pre-CPG, ceftriaxone (72%) was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic, followed by ampicillin (13%). Post-CPG, the most common antibiotic was ampicillin (63%). The effect of the CPG was associated with a 34% increase in ampicillin use (P & lt; .001). Discharge antibiotics also changed post-CPG, showing a significant increase in amoxicillin use (P & lt; .001) and a significant decrease in cefdinir and amoxicillin/clavulanate (P & lt; .001), with the combined effect of the CPG and ASP leading to 12% (P & lt; 0.001) and 16% (P & lt; .001) reduction, respectively. Overall, treatment failure was infrequent (1.5% vs 1%). CONCLUSIONS: A CPG and ASP led to the increase in use of ampicillin for children hospitalized with CAP. In addition, less broad-spectrum discharge antibiotics were used. Patient adverse outcomes were low, indicating that ampicillin is appropriate first-line therapy for otherwise healthy children admitted with uncomplicated CAP.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
0031-4005
,
1098-4275
DOI:
10.1542/peds.2011-1533
Language:
English
Publisher:
American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
Publication Date:
2012
detail.hit.zdb_id:
1477004-0
