In:
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 20, No. 9 ( 2020-05-17), p. 792-799
Abstract:
Ischemic stroke affects language production and/or comprehension and leads to
devastating long-term consequences for patients and their families. Previous studies have shown that neuroimaging can increase our knowledge of the basic mechanisms of language recovery. Currently,
models for predicting patients’ outcomes have limited use in the clinic for the evaluation and optimization of rehabilitative strategies mostly because that are often based on high-resolution magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) data, which are not always possible to carry out in the clinical routine. Here, we investigate the use of Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM), multivariate modelling and native Computed
Tomography (nCT) scans routinely acquired in the acute stage of stroke for identifying biological signatures that explicate the relationships between brain anatomy and types of impairments. Methods: 80 stroke patients and 30 controls were included. nCT-scans were acquired in the acute
ischemia stage and bedside clinical assessment from board-certified neurologist based on the NIH stroke scale. We use a multivariate Principal Component Analyses (PCA) to identify the brain signatures group
the patients according to the presence or absence of impairment and identify the association between local Grey Matter (GM) and White Matter (WM) nCT values with the presence or absence of the impairment. Results: Individual patient’s nCT scans were compared to a group of controls’ with no radiological
signs of stroke to provide an automated delineation of the lesion. Consistently across the whole group the regions that presented significant difference GM and WM values overlap with known areas that support
language processing. Conclusion: In summary, the method applied to nCT scans performed in the acute stage of stroke provided
robust and accurate information about brain lesions’ location and size, as well as quantitative values. We found that nCT and VBQ analyses are effective for identifying neural signatures of concomitant
language impairments at the individual level, and neuroanatomical maps of aphasia at the population level. The signatures explicate the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying aetiology of the stroke.
Ultimately, similar analyses with larger cohorts could lead to a more integrated multimodal model of behaviour and brain anatomy in the early stage of ischemic stroke.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1568-0266
DOI:
10.2174/1568026620666200211113824
Language:
English
Publisher:
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Publication Date:
2020
SSG:
15,3
