In:
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 15, No. 12 ( 2022-06-27), p. 3827-3842
Abstract:
Abstract. A Zeppelin airship was used as a platform for in situ measurements of greenhouse gases and short-lived air pollutants within the planetary boundary layer (PBL) in Germany. A novel quantum cascade laser-based multi-compound gas analyzer (MIRO Analytical AG) was deployed to simultaneously measure in situ concentrations of greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O, H2O, and CH4) and air pollutants (CO, NO, NO2, O3, SO2, and NH3) with high precision at a measurement rate of 1 Hz. These measurements were complemented by electrochemical sensors for NO, NO2, Ox (NO2 + O3), and CO, an optical particle counter, temperature, humidity, altitude, and position monitoring. Instruments were operated remotely without the need for on-site interactions. Three 2-week campaigns were conducted in 2020 comprising commercial passenger as well as targeted flights over multiple German cities including Cologne, Mönchengladbach, Düsseldorf, Aachen, Frankfurt, but also over industrial areas and highways. Vertical profiles of trace gases were obtained during the airship landing
and take-off. Diurnal variability of the Zeppelin vertical profiles was
compared to measurements from ground-based monitoring stations with a focus
on nitrogen oxides and ozone. We find that their variability can be
explained by the increasing nocturnal boundary layer height from early
morning towards midday, an increase in emissions during rush hour traffic,
and the rapid photochemical activity midday. Higher altitude (250–450 m)
NOx to CO ratios are further compared to the 2015 EDGAR emission
inventory to find that pollutant concentrations are influenced by
transportation and residential emissions as well as manufacturing industries and construction activity. Finally, we report NOx and CO concentrations from one plume transect originating from a coal power plant and compare it to the EURopean Air pollution Dispersion-Inverse Modell (EURAD-IM) model to find agreement within 15 %. However, due to the increased contribution of solar and wind energy and the impact of lockdown measures the power plant was operating at max. 50 % capacity; therefore, possible overestimation of emissions by the model cannot be excluded.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1867-8548
DOI:
10.5194/amt-15-3827-2022
DOI:
10.5194/amt-15-3827-2022-supplement
Language:
English
Publisher:
Copernicus GmbH
Publication Date:
2022
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2505596-3
