In:
Earth System Science Data, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 14, No. 10 ( 2022-10-28), p. 4757-4775
Abstract:
Abstract. There has been controversy regarding the air pollutants emitted from sources
closely related to the activities of daily life in China, such as cooking, setting off fireworks,
sacrificial incense and joss paper burning, and barbecue (which have been named the five
missing sources – FMSs), and the extent to which they impact the outdoor air quality. To date, due to the
lack of both an activity dataset and emission factors, there have been no estimations of the emission of air pollutants from FMSs. In this work, we have attempted to
combine questionnaire data, various statistical data, and data on points
of interest to obtain a relatively complete set of activity data. The
emission factors (EFs) of carbonaceous aerosols were tested in our lab.
Emission inventories of carbonaceous aerosols with a high
spatial–temporal resolution for FMSs were then established, and the
spatial variation trend and driving forces were discussed. From 2000 to
2018, organic carbon (OC) emissions were in the range of 4268–4919 t.
OC emissions from FMSs were between 1.5 ‰ and 2.2 ‰ of the total
emissions in China. Black carbon (BC), elemental carbon (EC), and
brown carbon (BrC) absorption cross-section (ACSBrC) emissions from FMSs were
in the ranges of 22.6–43.9 t, 213–324 t, and 14.7–35.6 Gm2,
respectively. Their emissions tended to be concentrated in certain periods and
areas. The OC emission intensities in central urban areas were 3.85–50.5
times those in rural areas (due to the high density of human activity), while
the ACSBrC emissions in rural regions accounted for 63.0–79.5 % of
the total emissions (resulting from uncontrolled fireworks). A mass of
fireworks led to much higher ACSBrC and EC emissions on
Chinese New Year's Eve, with respective values that were 1444 and 262 times their corresponding yearly
averages. Significant (p〈0.01) correlations between the population's
income and pollutant emissions were also found: these correlations were positive (r=0.94) and negative (r=-0.94) for urban and rural regions, respectively, indicating the
necessity to regulate residents' lifestyles and increase residents' income in respective urban and
rural regions. This study provides firsthand data to
identify emissions, variation trends, and impacting factors from the FMSs.
This is helpful for modeling works on air quality, the climate effect, and
human health risks during specific periods or in specific regions as well as for modifying
emission control policies. The data compiled in this work can found at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.19999991.v2 (Cheng et al., 2022).
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1866-3516
DOI:
10.5194/essd-14-4757-2022
DOI:
10.5194/essd-14-4757-2022-supplement
Language:
English
Publisher:
Copernicus GmbH
Publication Date:
2022
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2475469-9
