UID:
almahu_9947367658402882
Format:
1 online resource (455 p.)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
1-281-03649-8
,
9786611036492
,
0-08-055101-7
Content:
Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is basically an emission spectroscopy technique where atoms and ions are primarily formed in their excited states as a result of interaction between a tightly focused laser beam and the material sample. The interaction between matter and high-density photons generates a plasma plume, which evolves with time and may eventually acquire thermodynamic equilibrium. One of the important features of this technique is that it does not require any sample preparation, unlike conventional spectroscopic analytical techniques. Samples in the form of solids, liqui
Note:
Description based upon print version of record.
,
Front Cover; Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy; Copyright page; Table of Contents; Preface; Contributors; Acronyms; PART I BASIC PHYSICS AND INSTRUMENTATION; Chapter 1. Fundamentals of LIBS; 1. Introduction; 2. Lasers for LIBS; 2.1. Mode Properties of Lasers; 2.2. Spatial Intensity Distribution and Focusing of Laser Beam; 2.3. Time Behavior of Laser Pulses; 2.4. Measurement of Laser Power and Energy; 2.5. Varieties of Lasers; 3. Laser Induced Plasmas; 3.1. Laser Induced Breakdown in Gases; 3.2. Plasma Production from Solid Targets; 3.3. Radiation from Laser Induced Plasmas
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4. Progress in Detection of LIBS4.1. CCD and ICCD Detectors; 4.2. The Spectrograph-Detector Combination; 5. Applications of LIBS; References; Chapter 2. Atomic Emission Spectroscopy; 1. Introduction; 2. Measurement of Spectral Lines; 3. Electronic Structure of Atoms; 3.1. Hydrogenic Atoms; 3.2. Many Electron Atoms; 3.3. Classification of Electronic States; 4. Radiation From Atoms; 4.1. Electric Dipole Selection Rules; 4.2. Parity Selection Rules; 4.3. Forbidden Transitions; 4.4. Line Strength; 4.5. Oscillator Strength; 4.6. Intensities of Spectral Lines
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4.7. Continuous Emission & Bremsstrahlung5. Broadening of Spectral Lines; 5.1. Stark Broadening; 5.2. Theory of Stark Effect; 6. Applications; 6.1. Determination of Electron Temperature; 6.2. Determination of the Electron Density; 6.3. Qualitative Emission Analysis; 6.4. Quantitative Emission Analysis; References; Chapter 3. Laser Ablation; 1. Introduction; 2. Fundamental Ablation Processes; 2.1. Plasma Ignition Processes; 2.2. Plasma Expansion Processes; 2.3. Plasma Emission Spectra; 2.4. Electron Density and Plasma Temperature; 3. Particle Formation Processes; 3.1. Particle Ejection
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3.2. Nanoparticle Formation4. Laser Ablation Parameters; 4.1. Nanosecond Pulsed Lasers; 5. Picosecond Pulsed Lasers; 6. Femtosecond Pulsed Lasers; 7. Perspectives, Future and Trends; References; Chapter 4. Physics of Plasma in LIBS; 1. Introduction; 2. Basics of Laser-Matter Interaction; 3. Processes in Laser Produced Plasma; 4. Spectral Emission from Plasma; 4.1. Continuum Emission; 4.2. Line Emission; 4.3. Temporal and Spatial Resolution of Emission; 5. Theoretical Models For Plasma; 5.1. Corona Model; 5.2. Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium Model; 5.3. Collisional Radiative Model
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6. Measurement of Plasma Parameters6.1. Line Broadening; 6.2. Electron Density; 6.3. Plasma Temperature; 6.4. Optical Thickness and Self-absorption; 7. Characteristics of LIBS Plasma; 8. Factors Affecting the LIBS Plasma; 8.1. Laser Characteristics; 8.2. Wavelength and Pulse Duration of Laser; 8.3. Properties of Target Material; 8.4. Time Window of Observation; 8.5. Geometric Set-up; 8.6. Ambient Gas; 9. Methods of Enhancing LIBS Sensitivity; 10. Conclusion; References; Chapter 5. Instrumentation for LIBS; 1. Introduction; 2. Typical LIBS Set-up; 3. LIBS Instrumentation
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3.1. Echelle Spectrometer
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English
Additional Edition:
ISBN 0-444-51734-0
Language:
English
