UID:
almahu_9949386462702882
Format:
1 online resource
Edition:
Third edition.
ISBN:
9781000094992
,
1000094995
,
9780367809829
,
0367809826
,
9781000095067
,
1000095061
,
9781000095135
,
1000095134
Content:
Multimedia Environmental Models: The Fugacity Approach, Third Edition, takes a broad approach of viewing chemical behavior in the total biosphere of connected biotic and abiotic compartments. Chemicals are subject to the laws of "mass balance," a constraint that provides the opportunity to establish quantitative expressions for chemical fate that are central to chemical management and regulatory legislation. This book employs both the conventional concentration-based procedures and those based on application of the more elegant and powerful concept of fugacity to characterize equilibrium, steady-state distribution, and time-dependent transport between environmental phases such as air, water, and soil. Organic chemicals are emphasized because they are more easily generalized when assessing environmental behavior. Features Illustrates professional approaches to calculating the fate of chemicals in the environment Explicitly details all worked examples in an annotated step-by-step fashion Presents real-life freely downloadable models of use to government, industry, and private consulting professionals and students alike Clarifies symbols and notation
Note:
Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Authors -- Chapter 1 Basic Concepts -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 The Mass-Balance Concept -- 1.2.1 The Environment as Compartments -- 1.2.2 Closed Systems at Equilibrium -- 1.2.3 Open Systems at Steady State -- 1.2.4 Dynamic (Time-Variable) Open Systems -- 1.3 Steady State and Equilibrium -- 1.4 Residence and Characteristic Times -- 1.5 Transport Mechanisms -- 1.6 Key Chemical Properties -- 1.6.1 Partition Ratios -- 1.6.2 Hydrophobicity -- 1.6.3 Vapor Pressure -- 1.6.4 Fugacity
,
1.6.5 Ionization -- 1.6.6 Reactivity and Persistence -- Practice Problems for Chapter 1 -- Chapter 2 Equilibrium Partitioning -- 2.1 Partitioning Theory -- 2.1.1 Introduction -- 2.1.2 Fugacity and Concentration -- 2.2 Properties of Pure Substances -- 2.3 Properties of Solutes -- 2.3.1 Solution in the Gas Phase -- 2.3.2 Solution in Liquid Phases -- 2.3.3 Solutions of Ionizing Substances -- 2.4 Partition Ratios -- 2.4.1 Fugacity and Solubility Relationships -- 2.4.2 Air-Water Partitioning -- 2.4.3 Octanol-Water Partitioning -- 2.4.4 Octanol-Air Partitioning -- 2.4.5 Solubility in Water
,
2.4.6 Solubility in Octanol -- 2.4.7 Solubility of a Substance "in Itself" -- 2.4.8 Partitioning at Interfaces -- 2.5 Theoretical Approaches to Estimating Partition Ratios and Other Properties -- 2.5.1 Quantitative Structure-Property Relationships -- 2.5.2 Polyparameter Linear Free Energy Relationships -- 2.5.3 Solvation Theory Approaches -- 2.5.4 Key Environmental Thermodynamic Properties -- 2.6 Environmental Partition Ratios and Z-Values -- 2.6.1 Introduction -- 2.6.2 Organic Carbon-Water Partition Ratios -- 2.6.3 Lipid-Water and Fish-Water Partition Ratios
,
2.6.4 Mineral Matter-Water Partition Ratios -- 2.6.5 Aerosol-Air Partition Ratios -- 2.6.6 Other Partition Ratios -- 2.7 Multimedia Partitioning Calculations -- 2.7.1 The Partition Ratio Approach -- 2.7.2 The Fugacity-Based Approach -- 2.7.3 Sorption by Dispersed Phases -- 2.7.4 Maximum Fugacity -- 2.7.5 Solutes of Negligible Volatility -- 2.7.6 Some Environmental Implications -- Symbols and Definitions Introduced in Chapter 2 -- Practice Problems for Chapter 2 -- Chapter 3 Advection and Reaction -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Advection -- 3.2.1 Advection Calculations
,
3.2.2 Advection, Fugacity, and D-Values -- 3.2.3 Advective Processes -- 3.2.4 Advection as a Pseudo Reaction -- 3.3 Degradation Reactions -- 3.3.1 Introduction -- 3.3.2 Reaction Rate Expressions -- 3.3.3 Non-First-Order Kinetics -- 3.3.4 Partition Ratio Approach to Chemical Degradation -- 3.3.5 Fugacity Approach to Chemical Degradation -- 3.4 Advection and Degradation -- 3.4.1 Combining Advection and Degradation Processes -- 3.4.2 Residence Time for Advective and Reactive Systems -- 3.4.3 Dynamic (Non-Steady State) Calculations -- 3.5 Summary -- Symbols and Definitions Introduced in Chapter 3
Additional Edition:
Print version: ISBN 9781000095135
Additional Edition:
Print version: ISBN 9780367407827
Additional Edition:
ISBN 0367407825
Language:
English
Keywords:
Electronic books.
;
Electronic books.
DOI:
10.1201/9780367809829
URL:
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780367809829
