Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

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Format: 1 online resource (253 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 9781351643559 , 135164355X

Note: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Editors -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: History of Regulations, Policy, and Research Related to Conflicts between Blackbirds and People -- 1.1 Migratory Bird Treaty Act -- 1.1.1 U.S. Depredation Order for Blackbirds -- 1.2 Canadian Wildlife Service -- 1.3 U.S. Department of Agriculture -- 1.4 National Environmental Policy Act -- 1.5 Wildlife Services Decision Model -- 1.6 Blackbird Research in Canada -- 1.7 Blackbird Research in the United States -- 1.7.1 National Wildlife Research Center Headquarters -- 1.7.2 Blackbird Research-Headquarters -- 1.7.3 Blackbird Research-Field Stations -- 1.7.3.1 Ohio Field Station -- 1.7.3.2 Florida Field Station -- 1.7.3.3 North Dakota Field Station -- 1.7.3.4 Kentucky Field Station -- 1.7.3.5 California Field Station -- 1.8 Summary -- References -- Chapter 2: Ecology and Management of Red-Winged Blackbirds -- 2.1 Taxonomy -- 2.2 Breeding Biology -- 2.2.1 Polygyny and Territoriality -- 2.2.2 Nesting -- 2.2.3 Nest Predation -- 2.2.4 Brood Parasitism -- 2.3 Disease Transmission -- 2.3.1 Avian Salmonellosis -- 2.3.2 Chlamydiosis -- 2.3.3 Johne's Disease -- 2.3.4 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli -- 2.3.5 Encephalitis -- 2.3.6 Lyme Disease -- 2.3.7 Histoplasmosis -- 2.3.8 West Nile Virus -- 2.4 Distribution and Populations -- 2.5 Winter Location -- 2.6 Spring Migration -- 2.7 Fall Migration and Annual Feather Replacement -- 2.8 Food Habits -- 2.8.1 Southern United States -- 2.8.2 Midwest United States -- 2.8.3 Northern Prairie of Canada and United States -- 2.8.4 Ontario, Canada -- 2.8.5 Summary -- 2.9 Crop Damage -- 2.9.1 Rice -- 2.9.2 Corn -- 2.9.3 Sweet Corn. , 2.9.4 Sunflower -- 2.10 Summary -- References -- Chapter 3: Ecology of Yellow-Headed Blackbirds -- 3.1 Description -- 3.1.1 Definitive Basic Plumage -- 3.1.2 Formative Plumage -- 3.1.3 Juvenile Plumage -- 3.1.4 Size -- 3.2 Distribution -- 3.2.1 Breeding -- 3.2.2 Habitat -- 3.2.3 Winter -- 3.3 Life History -- 3.3.1 Nests -- 3.3.2 Eggs -- 3.3.3 Incubation -- 3.3.4 Nestlings and Fledglings -- 3.3.5 Reproductive Success -- 3.3.6 Survival -- 3.3.7 Second-Year Birds -- 3.3.8 Diet -- 3.3.9 Feather Molt -- 3.4 Behavior -- 3.4.1 Vocalizations -- 3.4.2 Movements -- 3.4.3 Displays -- 3.4.4 Socialization -- 3.4.5 Migration -- 3.5 Populations -- 3.6 Agricultural Damages -- References -- Chapter 4: Ecology and Management of the Common Grackle -- 4.1 Taxonomy -- 4.2 Distribution -- 4.2.1 Breeding -- 4.2.2 Nonbreeding -- 4.2.3 Historical Changes -- 4.3 Life History -- 4.3.1 Timing -- 4.3.2 Nests -- 4.3.3 Eggs -- 4.3.4 Incubation -- 4.3.5 Parental Care -- 4.3.6 Brood Parasitism -- 4.4 Diet -- 4.5 Feather Molt and Plumages -- 4.6 Behavior -- 4.6.1 Territories -- 4.6.2 Mating System -- 4.6.3 Predatory Behavior -- 4.7 Migration -- 4.8 Populations -- 4.9 Agricultural Damages -- 4.10 Summary and Future Research -- References -- Chapter 5: The Brown-Headed Cowbird: Ecology and Management of an Avian Brood Parasite -- 5.1 Taxonomy -- 5.1.1 Molothrus Clade -- 5.1.2 Subspecies -- 5.2 Distribution -- 5.2.1 The Cowbird's Dynamic Distribution -- 5.2.2 Range Expansion and Conservation Concerns -- 5.3 Life History -- 5.3.1 Brood Parasitic Lifestyle -- 5.3.2 Factors Affecting Host Choice -- 5.4 Diet -- 5.5 Feather Molt. , 5.6 Behavior -- 5.6.1 Mating System -- 5.6.2 Female Breeding Ranges and Territoriality -- 5.6.3 Depredation of Host Nests -- 5.6.4 Cowbird Nestling Behavior -- 5.7 Migration -- 5.8 Populations -- 5.9 Agricultural Damages -- 5.10 Management -- 5.10.1 Management for Endangered Host Species -- 5.10.2 Agricultural Management -- 5.11 Coda and Future Research -- References -- Chapter 6: Effects of Habitat and Climate on Blackbird Populations -- 6.1 Breeding Season -- 6.1.1 Breeding Habitat -- 6.1.2 Nesting Microhabitat -- 6.1.3 Breeding Season Climate and Weather Associations -- 6.2 Winter Season -- 6.2.1 Winter Habitat -- 6.2.2 Winter Climate and Weather Associations -- 6.3 Migration Season -- 6.3.1 Migratory Habitat -- 6.3.2 Migratory Climate and Weather Associations -- 6.4 Landscape Effects -- 6.4.1 Landscape Change -- 6.5 Climate Change -- 6.6 Summary -- References -- Chapter 7: Dynamics and Management of Blackbird Populations -- 7.1 The Annual Cycle of the Red-Winged Blackbird Population -- 7.2 Population Control Efforts -- 7.2.1 Miscellaneous Early Attempts, 1950s through 1960s -- 7.2.1.1 Dynamiting Roosts -- 7.2.1.2 Poison Baits -- 7.2.1.3 Floodlight Traps -- 7.2.1.4 Decoy Traps -- 7.2.2 Major Organized Efforts, 1970s through 2000s -- 7.2.2.1 Winter Roost Spraying with Surfactant PA-14 -- 7.2.2.2 Ripening Sunflowers in the Dakotas -- 7.2.2.3 Sprouting Rice in Louisiana -- 7.2.2.4 Trapping Cowbirds to Reduce Nest Parasitism -- 7.3 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 8: Chemical Repellents -- 8.1 Avian Repellent Testing in North America -- 8.2 Anthraquinone -- 8.3 Methiocarb -- 8.4 Aminopyridine, or Avitrol -- 8.5 Methyl Anthranilate and Dimethyl Anthranilate. , 8.6 Registered Insecticides, Fungicides, and Insect Repellents -- 8.6.1 Registered Insecticides -- 8.6.2 Registered Fungicides -- 8.6.3 Insect Repellents -- 8.7 Other Plant Derivatives -- 8.8 Other Candidate Repellents -- 8.9 Suggested Future Research -- References -- Chapter 9: Frightening Devices -- 9.1 Auditory Frightening Devices -- 9.1.1 Bioacoustics -- 9.1.2 Artificial Aural Deterrents -- 9.1.3 Combatting Habituation -- 9.2 Visual Frightening Devices -- 9.2.1 Balloons -- 9.2.2 Hawk Kites -- 9.2.3 Reflective Tape -- 9.2.4 Flags and Streamers -- 9.2.5 Effigies and Models -- 9.2.6 Hazing with Aircraft -- 9.2.7 Remote Controlled Models and Drones -- 9.2.8 Falconry -- 9.3 Light and Color -- 9.3.1 Lasers -- 9.3.2 Ultraviolet Wavelengths -- 9.3.3 Aposematic Colors -- 9.4 Summary -- References -- Chapter 10: Strategies for Evading Blackbird Damage -- 10.1 Cultural Practices -- 10.2 Advancing Harvest Date -- 10.3 Wildlife Conservation Food Plots -- 10.4 Management of Wetland Roost Sites -- 10.4.1 Glyphosate Herbicide -- 10.4.2 Ecological Effects -- 10.4.3 Economics -- 10.4.4 Operational Program -- 10.5 Management of Upland Roost Sites -- 10.6 Bird-Resistant Crops -- 10.6.1 Corn -- 10.6.2 Sunflower -- 10.7 Summary -- References -- Chapter 11: Allowable Take of Red-Winged Blackbirds in the Northern Great Plains -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.1.1 The Legal Context for Allowable Take -- 11.1.2 A Quantitative Framework for Allowable Take -- 11.2 Intrinsic Growth Rate -- 11.2.1 First and Last Ages of Reproduction -- 11.2.2 Adult and Juvenile Survival Rates -- 11.2.3 Reproductive Rate -- 11.2.4 Estimate of Intrinsic Growth Rate. , 11.3 Population Size in the Northern Great Plains -- 11.3.1 Methods -- 11.3.1.1 Analysis of BBS Trends -- 11.3.1.2 Ground-Based Surveys -- 11.3.1.3 Computing Numbers of Females from Breeding Pairs -- 11.3.1.4 Computing Adjustment Factors and Extrapolating to Estimate Population Size -- 11.3.2 Results -- 11.4 Allowable Take -- 11.4.1 Territoriality and The Units of Take -- 11.4.2 Allowable Take of Breeding Females -- 11.4.3 Allowable Take of Other Sex and Age Classes -- 11.5 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 12: The Economic Impact of Blackbird Damage to Crops -- 12.1 Examples of Direct or Primary Damage Estimates -- 12.1.1 Rice -- 12.1.2 S unflower -- 12.1.3 Corn -- 12.2 Assessing Costs and Benefits of Bird Management Tools -- 12.3 Estimates of Indirect or Secondary Damage -- 12.4 Case Study-Sunflower Damage -- 12.4.1 Introduction -- 12.4.2 Methods -- 12.4.3 Results -- 12.4.4 Summary -- 12.5 Research Needs -- References -- Chapter 13: The Future of Blackbird Management Research -- 13.1 Blackbird Ecology -- 13.2 Management Tools -- 13.2.1 Lethal Control -- 13.2.2 Chemical Repellents -- 13.2.3 Frightening Devices -- 13.2.4 Evading Strategies -- 13.3 Economics and Human Dimensions -- 13.4 Conclusions -- References -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y -- Z.

Additional Edition: Print version: Linz, George M. Ecology and Management of Blackbirds (Icteridae) in North America. Portland : CRC Press, ©2017 ISBN 9781498799614

Language: English

URL: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315156439