Umfang:
1 online resource (281 pages)
ISBN:
9781000209747
Serie:
Markets and the Law Ser
Anmerkung:
Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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Cover -- Half Title -- Series Information -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of contents -- Acknowledgements -- Contributors -- Foreword -- 1 In search of (access to) justice for vulnerable consumers -- 1.1 Vulnerable consumers and access to justice: The debate in context -- 1.2 Unpicking the needs of vulnerable consumers to design better access to justice -- 1.2.1 Normative responses to consumer vulnerability -- 1.2.2 Regulatory responses -- 1.2.3 State of the access to justice solutions -- 2 Economic theory and consumer vulnerability: Exploring an uneasy relationship -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Neoclassical influence on consumer law -- 2.3 Catering for the vulnerable in the 'information paradigm': The use of behavioural economics -- 2.4 Carving out 'vulnerable groups of consumers' in regulation -- 2.5 The need to re-interpret economic theories to serve the vulnerable -- 3 A universal perspective on vulnerability: International definitions and targets -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Inclusion of vulnerable consumers in the United Nations Guidelines for Consumer Protection (UNGCP) -- 3.3 Vulnerability in the Sustainable Development Goals -- 3.3.1 SDG 1: End poverty in all its forms everywhere -- 3.3.2 SDG 10: Reduce inequality within and among countries -- 3.3.3 Interface between protection of vulnerable consumers in OECD countries and SDGs -- 3.4 Integrating 'vulnerability' and its protection in law and regulation -- 3.4.1 Variety in tackling the protection of vulnerable consumers in law -- 3.4.2 Spotlight on the protection of vulnerable consumers in regulated public services -- 3.4.2.1 Protection of existing customers -- 3.4.2.2 Protection against disconnection -- 3.4.2.3 Universal or selective help? -- 3.4.2.4 A human rights approach? -- 3.4.2.5 Non-connected consumer - the most expensive service is that which does not exist
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3.5 Conclusion -- 4 The legal definition of 'vulnerable' consumers in the UCPD: Benefits and limitations of a focus on personal attributes -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 A multi-disciplinary conceptualisation of consumer vulnerability -- 4.3 Vulnerable consumers in the UCPD -- 4.3.1 Vulnerability due to age -- 4.3.2 Vulnerability due to infirmity -- 4.3.3 Vulnerability due to credulity -- 4.3.4 Foreseeability by the trader -- 4.4 The way forward for consumer vulnerability -- 4.4.1 A missed opportunity to reform -- 4.4.2 Possible interim solutions -- 4.5 Conclusion -- 5 Vulnerable consumers in financial services and access to justice: The regulatory response -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Vulnerability in the financial services context -- 5.3 Access to justice in the financial services context -- 5.4 Regulatory response and its impact on vulnerability and access to justice -- 5.4.1 Regulatory framework for financial services -- 5.4.2 Specific case of the unfair credit relationship -- 5.5 Conclusion -- 6 Regulating the consumer credit market: Protecting vulnerable consumers -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 The UK consumer protection regime: Price regulation -- 6.3 Protecting vulnerable consumers: Regulating conduct, rather than prices -- 6.4 Financial sanctions and criminal proceedings: Solution to protect vulnerable consumers? -- 6.5 Conclusion -- 7 Vulnerability in the UK energy market -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Price cap and consumer engagement in the market -- 7.2.1 The difficulties with a price cap -- 7.2.2 Consumer engagement as an indicator -- 7.3 Vulnerability as a concept -- 7.3.1 Fuel poverty -- 7.3.2 Impact vulnerability -- 7.3.3 Redress vulnerability -- 7.4 Vulnerability in context: Societal vulnerability and energy market vulnerability -- 7.5 Changing the perspective: Reasonable expectations -- 7.6 Additional expectations -- 7.6.1 Relational contracts
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7.6.2 Energy as a public good -- 7.7 Conclusion -- 8 Using 'stokvel' community values to combat financial exclusion -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Financial exclusion as consumer vulnerability -- 8.3 Stokvels as a response to financial exclusion and lack of access to credit -- 8.4 Formalising stokvels -- 8.4.1 Formalising the informal economy through law -- 8.4.2 Registering stokvels as financial mutuals -- 8.5 Comparative analysis: Credit unions in the UK -- 8.6 Conclusion -- 9 The role of voluntary standards in improving outcomes for consumers in vulnerable situations -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Standards solutions to vulnerability -- 9.2.1 What are standards? -- 9.2.2 Benefits of consumer involvement in standards -- 9.2.3 How standards protect consumers in vulnerable situations -- 9.3 The impact of BS 18477 in tackling consumer vulnerability -- 9.3.1 How BS18477 works -- 9.3.2 Consumers in vulnerable situations and essential services -- 9.3.3 Certification -- 9.4 Addressing consumer vulnerability at a global level -- 9.5 Tackling vulnerability in practice: case studies -- 9.5.1 Scottish and Southern Electricity Networks (SSEN) -- 9.5.2 South East Water (SE Water) -- 9.5.3 Wales and West Utilities (WWU) -- 9.6 Conclusion -- 10 Improving courts and ADR to help vulnerable consumers access justice -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Access to justice -- 10.2.1 Accessibility -- 10.2.2 Procedural and substantive fairness -- 10.3 The courts' reform programme -- 10.4 Small claims in the county court -- 10.5 The growth of ADR -- 10.5.1 Consumer ADR systems -- 10.5.2 ADR users -- 10.6 Conclusion -- 11 ODR and access to justice for vulnerable consumers: The case of the EU ODR Platform -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Workings of the EU Online Dispute Resolution platform (ODR) -- 11.3 Critical evaluation of the ODR Platform
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11.3.1 Lack of compliance with ODR regulation requirements -- 11.3.2 Limitations of the ODR Platform in addressing fragmentation and its impact on the vulnerable -- 11.3.3 Lack of traders' engagement with the ODR Platform does not serve the vulnerable -- 11.3.4 Platform accessibility needs improving -- 11.3.5 Lack of awareness amongst potential claimants -- 11.4 Conclusion -- 12 Consumer ADR in the European Union and in Portugal as a means of ensuring consumer protection -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Historical background and rationale underlying the adoption of ADR -- 12.3 Main features of consumer ADR in Portugal -- 12.3.1 Role of arbitration centres -- 12.3.2 Mediation procedure -- 12.3.3 Compulsory arbitration procedures -- 12.4 Obligation of information about ADR procedures -- 12.5 Role of the fundamental principles in protecting (vulnerable) consumers -- 12.6 Rationale and relevance of consumer ADR for vulnerability mitigation -- 12.7 Conclusion -- 13 Online dispute resolution of consumer disputes, vulnerable consumers and new technologies -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Strategies to address the shortcomings of ODR to serve vulnerable consumers -- 13.2.1 Raising awareness -- 13.2.2 Addressing the digital divide -- 13.2.3 Offering support to facilitate engagement -- 13.2.4 Monitor and report -- 13.3 Can new technologies really improve ODR for vulnerable consumers? -- 13.3.1 ODR decision compliance solved on the blockchain -- 13.3.2 Example of blockchain enabled systems -- 13.3.3 Algorithm enabled mediation -- 13.4 Conclusion -- 14 Using claims management as a method to help consumers on low income -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Assessing the relevance of CMCs by reference to their national legal environment -- 14.3 The development and regulation of 'legal tech' CMCs -- 14.3.1 Legal constructions and business models -- 14.3.2 Regulation of CMCs
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14.4 Merits of legal tech CMCs as a tool for low-income consumers -- 14.4.1 Advantages and inconveniences of CMCs over competing legal services -- 14.4.2 Barriers for consumers on low income -- 14.4.2.1 Technological barriers -- 14.4.2.2 Financial barriers -- 14.4.2.3 Psychological barriers -- 14.5 Lack of availability of CMCs for low-income consumers -- 14.6 Conclusion: Are digitalised administration and self-executing 'smart' contracts the new frontier to protect ... -- 15 The way forward: For an 'inclusive' access to justice to protect vulnerable consumers -- 15.1 Breaking boundaries and silos in the definition(s) and framework of protection of 'vulnerable consumers' -- 15.1.1 Dismantling compartments and looking for a coherent and inclusive approach -- 15.1.2 A solution to the limitations of a definition of the vulnerable -- 15.1.3 Make 'vulnerability' a core value of consumer protection policies -- 15.2 Acknowledging lack of access to justice as a systemic failure -- 15.3 Access to justice stuck in neutral? Supporting effective and fair dispute avoidance through regulation and public ... -- 15.4 Back to the future: Some suggested solutions for improved dispute resolution and access to justice for vulnerable ... -- 15.4.1 One-stop shop: Closing the access to justice gap -- 15.4.2 Embracing digital justice as a means to transform access to justice? -- 15.4.3 Back to the future: towards inclusive access to justice for vulnerable consumers -- Index
Weitere Ausg.:
Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Riefa, Christine Vulnerable Consumers and the Law Milton : Taylor & Francis Group,c2020 ISBN 9780367204686
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwort(e):
Aufsatzsammlung
