Format:
1 Online-Ressource (160 Seiten)
Edition:
1st ed
ISBN:
9783031274022
Note:
Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 The Energy Context in Romania -- 1.1 Conclusion -- References -- 2 Water for Energy Versus Energy for Water -- 2.1 Water for Energy -- 2.1.1 Electricity Generated by Nuclear Units -- 2.1.2 Water Consumption in Coal-Fired Power -- 2.1.3 Water Impacts of Modern Bioenergy -- 2.1.4 Photovoltaic Installations (Solar Plants) -- 2.2 Energy for Water -- 2.2.1 Pumped-Storage Power Plants -- 2.2.2 Energy for Water Purification -- 2.2.3 Energy Consumed for Water Used by the End User -- 2.3 The Economic Relationship Between Water and Energy -- 2.4 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Energy Sectors that Use Water -- 3.1 Water Sampling for Energy Production -- 3.2 Conclusion -- References -- 4 The Context for the Development of the Global Hydropower Sector -- 4.1 Values of the Hydropower Capacities Installed in the World -- 4.2 Hydropower, Renewable Energy?! -- 4.3 Conclusion -- References -- 5 The Impact of Drought on the Hydropower Domain -- 5.1 Minimum Run-Off Phases -- 5.2 Minimum Run-Off Indices -- 5.2.1 Basic Indices of the Minimum Run-Off -- 5.2.2 Average Flows with Different Frequencies-Calculation Example -- 5.3 Hydrological Drought Indices -- 5.3.1 Standardized Flow Rate Index (SFI) -- 5.3.2 Standardized Groundwater Level Index (SGI) -- 5.3.3 Standardized Run-Off Index (SRI) -- 5.3.4 Minimum Run-Off Indices for Drought Fault Finding -- 5.4 Statistical Methods and Approaches for Assessing the Minimum Run-Off -- 5.5 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Force Majeure -- 6.1 Understanding the Concept of Force Majeure -- 6.2 Force Majeure Versus Pacta Sunt Servanda -- 6.3 Force Majeure Under Electricity Laws -- 6.3.1 The Difference Between the Doctrine of Frustration and Force Majeure -- 6.4 The Drafting of an Effective Force Majeure Clause -- 6.5 Force Majeure in Practice
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6.5.1 What "Circumstances" Could a Force Majeure Clause Activate? -- 6.5.2 "Reasonable Control", Causality and Mitigation -- 6.6 Invoking Force Majeure in a Crisis -- References -- 7 Sample Contractual Provisions in a Force Majeure Contract -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Content of the Force Majeure Clause -- 7.2.1 Availability of Land and Access -- 7.2.2 Design Risk -- 7.2.3 Environmental Risk -- 7.2.4 Construction Risk -- 7.2.5 Social Risk -- 7.2.6 Operational Risk of the Hydropower Objective -- 7.2.7 Risk of Material Adverse Government Action (MAGA) -- 7.3 Invocation of the Force Majeure Clause -- 7.4 Conclusions -- References -- 8 Concrete Cases of Invocation of Force Majeure -- 8.1 Private Power Producer Disputes British Columbia Hydro's Cancellation of 20 Million in Purchases -- 8.2 The Destruction of a Dam in Laos -- 8.3 Oroville Dam -- 8.4 Vajont Dam -- 8.5 Conclusions -- References -- 9 Romania, in the European Energy Market -- 9.1 Energy Market History -- 9.2 Hidroelectrica Corporation Company, Romania -- 9.3 The "Force Majeure" Mentioned in Contracts Concluded by Hidroelectrica Corporation -- 9.4 Conclusions -- References -- 10 Settlement of the Dispute: Case of Hidroelectrica Corporation Invoking the Force Majeure Clause -- 10.1 Objectives Proposed by the Objectors -- 10.2 Questions Put Forward by Hidroelectrica Corporation -- 10.3 Post Factum -- References -- 11 Electricity, Systemic Crises and Environmental Policies -- 11.1 Today's Energy Challenges -- 11.2 The Effects of Crises on Electricity Generation -- 11.2.1 Social and Political Crises -- 11.2.2 Health Crisis -- 11.3 Discussions -- 11.4 Conclusions -- References
Additional Edition:
Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Diaconu, Daniel Constantin Force Majeure in the Hydropower Industry Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2023 ISBN 9783031274015
Language:
English
