Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

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Format: 1 online resource (331 p.)

ISBN: 3-318-01026-X

Series Statement: Nestle Nutrition workshop series ; v. 53. Paediatric Programme

Content: During the last two decades the increase in allergic diseases in children, such as atopic dermatitis and asthma, has been drastic. However, this is not true for the entire world: the incidence of allergies in children has risen only in developed countries. The observation of this socio-geographic discrepancy has led to careful study of the environmental differences that exist between the diverse settings in which children are born and has resulted in the so-called ‘hygiene hypothesis’: the ‘sterility’ of modern hospitals and birth places in the developed world might lead to a lack of microbial stimulation required for the development of a balanced mucosal immune response, including expansion of T-helper (Th) cell subsets that can mediate immune responses. Therefore, this workshop was held to consider in depth the environmental factors that influence the changing pattern of worldwide childhood allergy. This publication is a valuable source of knowledge and update for nutritionists, pediatricians, immunologists, microbiologists, as well as professionals concerned with preventive medicine.

Note: Description based upon print version of record. , ""Cover""; ""Contents""; ""Preface""; ""Foreword""; ""Contributors""; ""Clinical Overview: The Changing Pattern of Clinical Aspects of Allergic Diseases""; ""Introduction""; ""Prevalence""; ""The Allergic March""; ""Genetic Factors""; ""Immunologic Markers""; ""Symptoms""; ""General Life Style""; ""Breast-Feeding""; ""Formula Feeding and Other Feeding-Related Variables""; ""Indoor Allergens""; ""Outdoor Allergens""; ""The Role of Microorganisms""; ""Drug Therapy""; ""Conclusion""; ""References""; ""Discussion""; ""References""; ""Changing Definitions of Allergy""; ""The EAACI Definitions"" , ""The Relative Importance of Allergy in Various Atopic Diseases""""Does Sensitization Imply Clinical Relevance?""; ""References""; ""The Changing Prevalence and Clinical Profile of Food Allergy in Infancy""; ""Introduction""; ""Definition""; ""The Changing Prevalence of Food Allergy in Infancy""; ""The Changing Clinical Profile of Food Allergy""; ""Multiple Food Protein Intolerance of Infancy""; ""Infantile Colic""; ""Atopic Dermatitis""; ""Gastroesophageal Reflux and Esophagitis""; ""Conclusion""; ""References""; ""Discussion""; ""References"" , ""The Hygiene Hypothesis: Modulation of the Atopic Phenotype by Environmental Microbial Exposure""""Introduction""; ""Setting the Scene: The Immunological Basis for Allergic Disease""; ""Initiation of Allergic Sensitization in Early Life""; ""Genetic Risk for Atopy: A Transient Developmental Deficiency in Th1 Function?""; ""Postnatal Maturation of Adaptive Immune Function: The Role of Microbial Stimuli in Establishing the Th1/Th2 Balance""; ""Exploitation of Hygiene Hypothesis Principles for Allergy Prophylaxis: A Potential Double-Edged Sword?""; ""Conclusions""; ""References"" , ""Discussion""""References""; ""Allergy: Is It a Th2-Predominant Disease? Pro""; ""Introduction""; ""The Concept of Th1/Th2 Polarization""; ""Mechanisms Responsible for the Th1/Th2 Polarization""; ""Data Suggesting that Atopic Allergy Is a Th2-Predominant Disorder""; ""Detection of Cytokines, Chemokines, and Transcription Factors in Subjects Suffering from Atopic Disorders""; ""Cytokines""; ""Chemoattractants""; ""Transcription Factors""; ""Dominant Role of Th2 Cells in Experimental Models of Allergy and Asthma"" , ""Th2 Responses Account Directly or Indirectly for Virtually All Pathophysiological Manifestations of Allergy and Asthma""""The Role of Environmental Factors in Determining the Th2 Predominance in Allergic Subjects""; ""Environmental Factors Acting before Birth""; ""Environmental Factors Acting after Birth: The �Hygiene Hypothesis�""; ""Conclusions""; ""References""; ""Discussion""; ""References""; ""The Induction of Immunoregulation Prevents the Development of Immunopathology in Chronic Helminth Infections and Allergy""; ""Introduction"" , ""Immunity, Immunopathology and Immunosuppression in Schistosome Infections"" , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 3-8055-7649-8

Language: English