Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

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Umfang: 1 online resource

Ausgabe: 4th ed.

ISBN: 0-12-823159-9 , 0-12-819587-8

Anmerkung: Includes index. , Front Cover -- FISH NUTRITION -- FISH NUTRITION -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Editor biographies -- 1 - Fish nutrition-history and perspectives -- 1.1 Early records of fish nutrition -- 1.2 Recent history of fish nutrition research -- 1.3 Fish nutrition developments in China -- 1.4 Evolution of fish feeds -- 1.5 Fish nutrition challenges -- 1.6 Future needs -- References -- 2 - Bioenergetics -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Energy production and transformation in biological systems/at the cellular level -- 2.3 Partition of dietary energy and utilization (energy flow) -- 2.3.1 Gross energy: dietary fuels -- 2.3.2 Digestible energy -- 2.3.2.1 Measurement, methods, factors affecting digestible energy -- 2.3.2.2 Digestible energy of feeds and feedstuffs -- 2.3.3 Metabolizable energy -- 2.3.3.1 Measurement -- 2.3.3.2 Factors affecting metabolic waste output -- 2.3.4 Heat production -- 2.3.4.1 Minimal metabolism -- 2.3.4.2 Maintenance requirement -- 2.3.4.3 Heat increment of feeding (HiE) and energy utilization efficiencies -- 2.3.5 Net energy -- 2.3.6 Retained energy as growth -- 2.3.6.1 Energy demand and utilization for reproduction -- 2.4 Meeting energy requirements for growth -- 2.5 Conclusions -- References -- 3 - Vitamins -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 Vitamins and their sources -- 3.1.2 Classification and functions -- 3.1.3 Avitaminosis and hypervitaminosis -- 3.1.4 History of vitamin requirement studies in fish -- 3.2 The water-soluble vitamins -- 3.2.1 Thiamin (vitamin B1) -- 3.2.1.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.2.1.2 Positive functions -- 3.2.1.3 Deficiency syndromes -- 3.2.1.4 Requirements -- 3.2.1.5 Sources and protection -- 3.2.1.6 Antimetabolites and inactivation -- 3.2.1.7 Clinical assessment -- 3.2.2 Riboflavin (vitamin B2) -- 3.2.2.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.2.2.2 Positive functions. , 3.2.2.3 Deficiency syndromes -- 3.2.2.4 Requirements -- 3.2.2.5 Sources and protection -- 3.2.2.6 Antimetabolites and inactivation -- 3.2.2.7 Clinical assessment -- 3.2.3 Niacin (vitamin B3) -- 3.2.3.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.2.3.2 Positive functions -- 3.2.3.3 Deficiency syndromes -- 3.2.3.4 Requirements -- 3.2.3.5 Sources and protection -- 3.2.3.6 Antimetabolites and inactivation -- 3.2.3.7 Clinical assessment -- 3.2.4 Pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) -- 3.2.4.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.2.4.2 Positive functions -- 3.2.4.3 Deficiency syndromes -- 3.2.4.4 Requirements -- 3.2.4.5 Sources and protection -- 3.2.4.6 Antimetabolites and inactivation -- 3.2.4.7 Clinical assessment -- 3.2.5 Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) -- 3.2.5.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.2.5.2 Positive functions -- 3.2.5.3 Deficiency syndromes -- 3.2.5.4 Requirements -- 3.2.5.5 Sources and protection -- 3.2.5.6 Antimetabolites and inactivation -- 3.2.5.7 Clinical assessment -- 3.2.6 Biotin (vitamin B7) -- 3.2.6.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.2.6.2 Positive functions -- 3.2.6.3 Deficiency syndromes -- 3.2.6.4 Requirements -- 3.2.6.5 Sources and protection -- 3.2.6.6 Antimetabolites and inactivation -- 3.2.6.7 Clinical assessment -- 3.2.7 Folate (vitamin B9) -- 3.2.7.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.2.7.2 Positive functions -- 3.2.7.3 Deficiency syndromes -- 3.2.7.4 Requirements -- 3.2.7.5 Sources and protection -- 3.2.7.6 Antimetabolites and inactivation -- 3.2.7.7 Clinical assessment -- 3.2.8 Cobalamin (vitamin B12) -- 3.2.8.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.2.8.2 Positive functions -- 3.2.8.3 Deficiency syndromes -- 3.2.8.4 Requirements -- 3.2.8.5 Sources and protection -- 3.2.8.6 Antimetabolites and inactivation -- 3.2.8.7 Clinical assessment -- 3.2.9 Ascorbic acid. , 3.2.9.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.2.9.2 Positive functions -- 3.2.9.2.1 Antioxidant functions -- 3.2.9.2.2 Promotion of collagen synthesis -- 3.2.9.2.3 Improving iron absorption and utilization -- 3.2.9.2.4 Enzyme cosubstrate functions and strengthening stress resistance -- 3.2.9.2.5 Immunomodulation -- 3.2.9.3 Deficiency syndromes -- 3.2.9.4 Requirements -- 3.2.9.5 Sources and protection -- 3.2.9.6 Antimetabolites and inactivation -- 3.2.9.7 Clinical assessment and analysis -- 3.2.10 Inositol -- 3.2.10.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.2.10.2 Positive functions -- 3.2.10.2.1 Antioxidant and metal chelate actions -- 3.2.10.2.2 Osmoregulation -- 3.2.10.2.3 Maintains membrane structure and function -- 3.2.10.2.4 Signal transduction -- 3.2.10.2.5 Modulates lipid transport -- 3.2.10.2.6 Immunomodulation -- 3.2.10.3 Deficiency symptoms -- 3.2.10.4 Requirements -- 3.2.10.5 Sources and protection -- 3.2.10.6 Antimetabolites and inactivation -- 3.2.10.7 Clinical assessment and analysis -- 3.2.11 Choline -- 3.2.11.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.2.11.2 Positive functions -- 3.2.11.2.1 Maintain membrane structure -- 3.2.11.2.2 Modulate lipid transport -- 3.2.11.2.3 Signal transduction and neurotransmission -- 3.2.11.2.4 Methyl donors -- 3.2.11.2.5 Antioxidation -- 3.2.11.2.6 Immunoregulation -- 3.2.11.3 Deficiency syndromes -- 3.2.11.4 Requirements -- 3.2.11.5 Sources and protection -- 3.2.11.6 Clinical assessment and analysis -- 3.3 The fat-soluble vitamins -- 3.3.1 Vitamin A -- 3.3.1.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.3.1.2 Positive functions -- 3.3.1.2.1 Vision formation -- 3.3.1.2.2 Cell proliferation and differentiation -- 3.3.1.2.3 Immunoregulation -- 3.3.1.2.4 Reproduction -- 3.3.1.2.5 Antioxidation -- 3.3.1.2.6 Bone metabolism and skeletogenesis -- 3.3.1.3 Syndromes of deficiency or excess. , 3.3.1.4 Requirements -- 3.3.1.5 Sources and protection -- 3.3.1.6 Clinical assessment and analysis -- 3.3.2 Vitamin D -- 3.3.2.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.3.2.2 Positive functions -- 3.3.2.2.1 Maintaining homeostasis of calcium and phosphate -- 3.3.2.2.2 Lipid metabolism regulation -- 3.3.2.2.3 Immunomodulation -- 3.3.2.3 Syndromes of deficiency or excess -- 3.3.2.4 Requirements -- 3.3.2.5 Sources and protection -- 3.3.2.6 Clinical assessment and analysis -- 3.3.3 Vitamin E -- 3.3.3.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.3.3.2 Positive functions -- 3.3.3.2.1 Antioxidant capacity -- 3.3.3.2.2 Reproductive functions -- 3.3.3.2.3 Detoxification -- 3.3.3.2.4 Immunomodulation -- 3.3.3.3 Syndromes of deficiency or excess -- 3.3.3.4 Requirements -- 3.3.3.5 Sources and protection -- 3.3.3.6 Clinical assessment and analysis -- 3.3.4 Vitamin K -- 3.3.4.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.3.4.2 Positive functions -- 3.3.4.2.1 Blood clotting -- 3.3.4.2.2 Gla proteins-related other functions -- 3.3.4.2.3 Antioxidation -- 3.3.4.3 Syndromes of deficiency or excess -- 3.3.4.4 Requirements -- 3.3.4.5 Sources and protection -- 3.3.4.6 Antimetabolites and inactivation -- 3.3.4.7 Clinical assessment and analysis -- 3.4 Vitamin-like compound -- 3.4.1 Lipoic acid -- 3.4.1.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.4.1.2 Positive functions -- 3.4.1.2.1 Coenzyme -- 3.4.1.2.2 Antioxidation and metal chelation -- 3.4.1.2.3 Immunoregulation -- 3.4.1.3 Supplementation -- 3.4.1.4 Sources and protection -- 3.4.2 Astaxanthin -- 3.4.2.1 Chemical structure and characteristics -- 3.4.2.2 Positive functions -- 3.4.2.3 Supplementation -- 3.4.2.4 Sources and protections -- 3.4.2.5 Application assessment -- 3.5 Interactions between vitamins and other nutrients -- 3.5.1 Interactions between vitamins -- 3.5.1.1 Synergistic effect. , 3.5.1.1.1 Vitamin C and vitamin E, lipoic acid -- 3.5.1.1.2 Other vitamins -- 3.5.1.2 Antagonistic effects -- 3.5.1.2.1 Vitamin A and vitamin K -- 3.5.2 Interactions with protein -- 3.5.2.1 Affecting protein digestibility -- 3.5.2.2 Affecting protein metabolism -- 3.5.3 Interactions with lipid -- 3.5.3.1 Vitamins and lipid peroxidation -- 3.5.3.2 Vitamins and lipid metabolisms -- 3.5.3.2.1 Vitamin C, lipoic acid, vitamin E, and lipid metabolism -- 3.5.3.2.2 Other vitamins and lipid metabolism -- 3.5.4 Interactions with carbohydrates -- 3.5.5 Interactions with minerals -- 3.5.5.1 Vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus -- 3.5.5.2 Vitamin E and selenium -- 3.5.5.3 Ascorbic acid, iron, and other minerals -- 3.5.5.4 Thiamin and magnesium -- References -- 4 - Protein and amino acids -- 4.1 Nutritional biochemistry of proteins and amino acids -- 4.2 Protein and amino acids -- 4.2.1 Digestion and absorption of proteins -- 4.2.1.1 Protein digestion -- 4.2.1.2 Amino acid and peptide transporters in digestive tract -- 4.2.2 Free amino acid pools -- 4.2.3 Amino acid metabolism -- 4.2.4 Protein turnover -- 4.2.4.1 Protein synthesis -- 4.2.4.2 Protein degradation -- 4.2.4.3 Protein deposition -- 4.2.5 Methodologies for protein metabolism analyses -- 4.2.5.1 Stable isotope labeling techniques -- 4.2.5.2 Omics approaches -- 4.3 Protein requirement -- 4.3.1 Methodological considerations -- 4.3.2 Data on protein requirements of fish and crustaceans -- 4.3.3 Factors affecting protein requirement -- 4.3.3.1 Genetic characteristics -- 4.3.3.1.1 Feeding habits -- 4.3.3.1.2 Fish strains -- 4.3.3.2 Diet composition -- 4.3.3.2.1 Protein sources -- 4.3.3.2.2 Protein/energy ratio -- 4.3.3.2.3 Other nutrients -- 4.3.3.3 Size and age -- 4.3.3.4 Environmental factors -- 4.3.4 Maintenance requirements -- 4.3.4.1 Methodology -- 4.3.4.2 Estimated maintenance requirements. , 4.4 Qualitative and quantitative amino acid requirement.

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0128195878

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9780128195871

Sprache: Englisch