Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

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Format: 1 online resource (586 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 0-12-803872-1

Note: Front Cover -- The Rewiring Brain -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Editorial -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experimental Background -- 3 Homeostatic Structural Plasticity -- 4 Structural Plasticity and Connectivity -- 5 Structural Plasticity and Learning and Memory -- 6 Neurogenesis-Related Structural Plasticity -- 7 Structural Plasticity and Pathology -- 8 Outlook -- References -- I. Experimental Background -- 1 Structural Plasticity and Cortical Connectivity -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Role of Structural Synaptic Plasticity in Hebb's Theory of Cell Assemblies -- 3 Structural Plasticity Following Enriched Experience -- 4 Structural Plasticity Following Sensory Deprivation or Stimulation -- 5 Structural Plasticity in Learning and Memory -- 6 Structural Plasticity and Long-Term Functional Synaptic Plasticity -- 7 Activity-Dependent and -Independent Structural Synaptic Plasticity -- 8 Structural Plasticity and Cortical Connectivity -- 8.1 Large-Scale Structural Plasticity -- 8.2 Microscopic Structural Plasticity and Cortical Connectivity -- 8.3 Mechanisms of Microscopic Structural Plasticity Influencing Cortical Connectivity -- 9 Future Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Further Reading -- 2 Structural Plasticity Induced by Adult Neurogenesis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Structural Rewiring Induced by Adult Neurogenesis: Anatomical and Morphological Evidence -- 3 Newborn Neurons Promote Their Own Integration: Electrophysiological Evidence -- 4 Local Microenvironments Support Ongoing Neuronal Integration -- 5 Synaptic Rewiring by New Neurons: Balancing the Firing Budget -- 6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 3 Structural Neural Plasticity During Stroke Recovery -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Animal Models of Stroke -- 3 Axonal Sprouting and Rewiring Connections -- 4 Dendritic Arbor Remodeling. , 5 Dendritic Spine Plasticity -- 6 Perspectives and Future Directions -- 6.1 Technological Developments -- 6.2 Minimizing the Dark Side of Structural Plasticity Through Intelligent Intervention -- 6.3 Computational Modeling Studies -- References -- 4 Is Lesion-Induced Synaptic Rewiring Driven by Activity Homeostasis? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Current View and Limitations -- 2.1 Current View -- 2.2 Limitations -- 3 Homeostatic Structural Plasticity -- 3.1 Hypothesis -- 3.2 Expectations -- 4 In Vitro Indications for Homeostatic Structural Plasticity -- 4.1 Dendritic Spines -- 4.2 Dendrite and Axon Outgrowth -- 4.3 Minimum Activity for Spine Formation and Neurite Outgrowth -- 5 In Vivo Indications for Homeostatic Structural Plasticity -- 5.1 Visual Cortex -- 5.2 Barrel Cortex -- 5.3 Stroke -- 6 Experimental Testing of Homeostatic Structural Plasticity -- 6.1 Growth Curves -- 6.2 Activity Restoration -- 7 Discussion -- 7.1 Relation to Other Forms of Plasticity -- 7.2 Cortical Remapping -- 7.3 Maladaptive Responses -- 7.4 Neurodegeneration -- 7.5 Neurological Therapy -- 7.6 Computational Modeling -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- II. Homeostatic Structural Plasticity -- 5 Network Formation Through Activity-Dependent Neurite Outgrowth: A Review of a Simple Model of Homeostatic Structural Plas... -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Model -- 2.1 Overview -- 2.2 Neuron Model -- 2.3 Outgrowth and Connectivity -- 2.4 Parameters -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Network Assembly, Overshoot, and Homeostasis -- 3.2 Relationship Between Activity and Connectivity -- 3.3 Slow Fluctuations in Activity -- 3.4 Effect of Inhibition on Overshoot -- 3.5 Multiple Equilibrium States -- 3.6 Differentiation Between Excitatory and Inhibitory Cells -- 3.7 Patchy Connectivity Structure -- 3.8 Self-Repair of Connectivity After Lesions -- 3.9 Neurogenesis-Induced Network Reorganization. , 3.10 Neuronal Death During Development -- 3.11 Differentiation of Intrinsic Properties -- 3.12 Self-Organized Criticality -- 3.13 Retinal Mosaics -- 3.14 Developmental Changes in Burst Patterns -- 3.15 Developmental Transitions in Cognition -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Future Experimental Studies -- 4.2 Future Modeling Studies -- References -- 6 Clustered Arrangement of Inhibitory Neurons Can Lead to Oscillatory Dynamics in a Model of Activity-Dependent Structural ... -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Model -- 3 Model Implementation -- 4 Methods -- 4.1 Parameter Choice -- 4.2 Spatial Arrangement of Excitatory and Inhibitory Neurons -- 4.3 Measuring Spatial Clustering of Inhibition in 1D and 2D Neuron Arrangements -- 4.3.1 1D Inhibitory Clustering Measure -- 4.3.2 2D Inhibitory Clustering Measure -- 5 Results -- 5.1 1D Results -- 5.1.1 The Proportion of Inhibitory Neurons-A Necessary Condition for Global System Behavior -- 5.1.2 The Effect of Inhibitory Clustering on Global System Behavior in 1D -- 5.1.3 Is There an Optimal Proportion of Inhibition for Inducing Oscillatory Behavior in 1D Networks Containing Inhibitory C... -- 5.1.4 Network Analysis of 1D Global Behavior Types -- Total Stabilization -- Stable Oscillations -- Unstable Oscillations -- Unbounded Growth -- 5.2 2D Results -- 5.2.1 The Effect of Inhibitory Clustering on Global System Behavior in 2D -- 6 Discussion -- 6.1 Comparison to Previous Modeling Results -- 6.2 1D Network Behaviors -- 6.3 2D Network Behaviors -- 6.4 Future Modeling Studies -- 6.5 Future Experimental Studies -- 6.6 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 7 A Detailed Model of Homeostatic Structural Plasticity Based on Dendritic Spine and Axonal Bouton Dynamics -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Model -- 2.1 The Model at a Glance -- 2.2 Electrical Activity -- 2.3 Growth Rules -- 2.3.1 Definitions and Time Scales. , 2.3.2 Measures of Electrical Activity -- 2.3.3 General Requirements for Growth Rules -- 2.3.4 Finding Appropriate Growth Rules -- 2.4 Synapse Formation and Network Topology -- 2.5 Synapse Deletion -- 3 Model Results -- 3.1 Comparing MSP Results With Experimental Data -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Future Experimental Studies -- 4.2 Future Modeling Studies -- References -- 8 Critical Periods Emerge from Homeostatic Structural Plasticity in a Full-Scale Model of the Developing Cortical Column -- 1 Introduction -- 2 MSP in a Nutshell -- 3 MSP Implementation in NEST -- 4 Critical Periods in a Self-Organizing Two-Population Network -- 5 Inhibition Triggers the Onset of Critical Periods -- 6 Growing a Virtual Cortical Column from Scratch -- 7 Low Target Activity Levels Impose Pronounced Synaptic Rewiring -- 8 Comparison Between Self-Organizing and Reconstructed Connectivity -- 9 Scalability Limitation of MSP -- 9.1 Update of Electrical Activity -- 9.2 Update of Synaptic Elements -- 9.3 Update of Connectivity -- 10 A Scalable Algorithm for MSP -- 10.1 Tree Construction -- 10.2 Tree Update -- 10.3 Target Neuron Selection -- 10.4 Error Analysis -- 10.5 Summary -- 11 Results of the Scalable Algorithm -- 11.1 Performance -- 11.2 Accuracy -- 12 Discussion -- 12.1 Future Experimental Studies -- 12.2 Future Modeling Studies -- 13 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 9 Lesion-Induced Dendritic Remodeling as a New Mechanism of Homeostatic Structural Plasticity in the Adult Brain -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Model -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Future Experimental Studies -- 6 Future Modeling Studies -- 7 A General Principle for Homeostatic Dendritic Plasticity -- 8 Potential Synergy With Homeostatic Structural Plasticity of the Axon Initial Segment -- 9 Clinical Relevance -- Acknowledgments -- References -- III. Structural Plasticity and Connectivity. , 10 The Role of Structural Plasticity in Producing Nonrandom Neural Connectivity -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Structural Plasticity -- 1.2 Changing Connections in a Stable Manner -- 1.3 Accounting for Nonrandom Features of Neural Circuits -- 2 Details of Our Model -- 2.1 Heterogeneous Inputs to the Circuit -- 2.2 Types of Functional Plasticity -- 2.3 Simulating Structural Plasticity -- 2.4 Measuring the Excess Abundance of Motifs -- 2.5 Training Protocol -- 3 Behavior of the Trained Network -- 4 Structural Plasticity Produces Highly Interconnected Assemblies of Functionally Similar Cells -- 5 Differences in Network Topography Across Structural Plasticity Mechanisms -- 6 Changes in the Connectivity Pattern Impact the Distribution of Connection Strengths -- 7 Discussion -- 7.1 Future Experimental Studies -- 7.2 Future Modeling Studies -- Summary -- References -- 11 Structural Plasticity and the Generation of Bidirectional Connectivity -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Self-Organization of Recurrent Cortical Wiring -- 3 Topology, the Jensen Inequality, and Bidirectional Connections -- 4 A Markov Model of Competing Connectivity Biases -- 5 Bidirectional Connections in the Presence of Inhibitory STDP -- 6 Discussion -- 6.1 Future Experimental Studies -- 6.2 Future Modeling Studies -- References -- 12 Spike Timing-Dependent Structural Plasticity of Multicontact Synaptic Connections -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Local Correlation Detection -- 3 Connections Made of Multiple Contacts -- 4 STDP Model of Spine Plasticity and Turnover -- 5 Discussion -- 5.1 Functional Significance of Multiple Synaptic Contacts -- 5.2 Relations to Previous Models -- 5.3 Future Experimental Studies -- 5.4 Future Modeling Studies -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 13 Selection of Synaptic Connections by Wiring Plasticity for Robust Learning by Synaptic Weight Plasticity -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Model. , 2.1 Neural Model of an Inference Task.

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-12-803784-9

Language: English