Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

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Umfang: 1 online resource (1,382 pages) : , color illustrations, tables

Ausgabe: 1st ed.

ISBN: 1-78684-992-5 , 0-12-800827-X , 0-12-800756-7

Anmerkung: Cover -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Dedication -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- I - Setting the scene, botanical, general and international aspects -- Chapter 1 - The Cannabis Plant: Botanical Aspects -- List of Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Botany of Cannabis -- Macroscopical Features -- Microscopical Features -- Classification of Cannabis -- Other Recent Taxonomic Studies -- Chemotaxonomic Classification -- Molecular Classification -- Current Cannabis Varieties -- Genetics of Cannabis -- Genome of Cannabis sativa -- Geographical Distribution -- Agricultural Status -- Conservation Initiatives -- Ex Situ Conservation in Gene Banks -- In Situ Conservation as In Vitro Gene Banks -- Cultivation Techniques of Cannabis -- Outdoor Cultivation -- Indoor Cultivation -- In vitro Micropropagation -- Recommendations for Future Action -- Mini-Dictionary -- References -- Chapter 2 - The Biosynthesis of Cannabinoids -- List of Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Cannabinoid precursor biosynthesis -- Polyketide Pathway Toward Olivetolic Acid -- Biosynthesis of Geranyl Diphosphate -- Cannabigerolic Acid Biosynthesis -- Cannabinoid pathway -- Tetrahydrocannabinolic Acid Synthase -- Cannabidiolic Acid Synthase -- Cannabichromenic Acid Synthase (CBCAS) -- Cannabinoids with Propyl Side Chains -- Mini-dictionary -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 3 - Increasing Plant Concentrations of THC and Implications on Health Related Disorders -- List of Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Cannabis plants: has the potency changed? -- Does higher cannabis potency lead to increased exposure to THC? -- Higher-Potency Cannabis and Plasma THC Levels -- Titration of THC Intake During Smoking -- THC Concentrations in Biological Samples -- Does higher exposure to THC increase the risk of adverse health effects?. , Effects of Higher Exposure to THC on Effects of Short-Term Use -- Effects of Higher Exposure of Cannabis on Effects of Long-Term or Heavy Use of Cannabis -- Different explanations for increased risk of adverse health effects -- Conclusions -- Mini-dictionary -- References -- Chapter 4 - Age as a Predictor of Cannabis Use -- List of Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Initiation of Cannabis Use -- Trends in Cannabis Use Across the Lifespan -- Cannabis Use, Social Norms, and Legal Status -- Global Use -- Cannabis Use Among Older Adults -- Mini-dictionary -- References -- Chapter 5 - Lifetime Cannabis Use and Cognition in Psychosis Spectrum Disorders -- Introduction -- Cognitive effects of long-term use of cannabis in psychotic patients -- Superior cognitive functioning of psychotic patients who use cannabis: explicative hypothesis -- Conclusions -- Mini-dictionary -- References -- Chapter 6 - A Profile of Synthetic Cannabinoid Users -- List of Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Reasons for Synthetic Cannabinoid Use -- Demographics Associated with Cannabinoid Use -- A Profile of Synthetic Cannabinoid Users -- The Replacement User -- The Experimental User -- The Drug Aficionado -- The Habitual User -- Conclusions -- Mini-dictionary -- References -- Chapter 7 - Dual Disorders in Cannabis Misuse -- List of abbreviations -- Introduction -- The cannabinoid system in psychiatric disorders -- The Role of the Cannabinoid System in Emotional Regulation and Response to Stress -- The eCB System in Depression -- The eCB System in Anxiety -- The eCB System in Bipolar Disorder -- The eCB System in Psychosis -- Cannabis dependence and mental disorders -- Depression -- Bipolar Disorder -- Anxiety Disorders -- Social Phobia -- Panic -- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder -- Cannabis and Cognitive Deterioration -- Amotivational Syndrome -- Cannabis and Psychosis. , Personality Disorders -- Madrid study on the prevalence of dual pathology in cannabis addicts in treatment -- Mini-dictionary -- References -- Chapter 8 - Cannabis Use and Cognitive Function -- List of Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Effects of cannabis on cognition -- Tolerance to Effects of Cannabis on Cognitive Functions -- Duration, Frequency, and Amount of Cannabis Use -- Early Onset Cannabis Use -- Effects of Cannabis on Executive Functioning -- Attention -- Planning and Decision-Making -- Verbal Fluency -- Working Memory -- Verbal Learning and Memory -- Cannabis use in adolescents -- Additional effect of polysubstance use and psychiatric comorbidity -- Polysubstance Use -- Psychiatric Comorbidity -- Other Comorbidity -- Gender differences for the effect of cannabis use on cognitive functions -- Treatment -- Mini-dictionary -- References -- Chapter 9 - Cannabis, Migration, and Psychosis Onset -- List of abbreviations -- Introduction -- Cannabis and psychosis -- What We Know About Cannabis -- The Endocannabinoid Systems -- The Epidemiology of Cannabis and Psychosis -- Why Cannabis Causes Psychosis -- Migration and psychosis -- The Migration Phenomena -- Types of Migrations -- Epidemiology of Migration and Psychosis -- Why Does Migration Cause Psychotic Disorders? -- Migration, cannabis use, and psychosis onset -- Mini-dictionary -- References -- Chapter 10 - The Global Epidemiology and Disease Burden of Cannabis Use and Dependence -- List of Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Details of the burden of disease study methods -- Case Definition -- Systematic Reviews -- DisMod-MR Modelling -- Disability Weights -- Comorbidity Adjustments -- Calculation of YLDs, YLLs, and DALYs -- Comparative Risk Assessment (CRA): Cannabis Use as a Risk Factor for Schizophrenia -- Data on Regular (Weekly or More Frequent) Cannabis Use in the Past Year. , Modelling Earlier Age of Onset of Schizophrenia -- Modelling Increased Severity of Schizophrenia -- Prevalence of Cannabis Dependence -- Burden of Cannabis Dependence -- Additional Burden Attributable to Cannabis Use as a Risk Factor for Schizophrenia -- What Are the Implications of These Findings? -- Limitations -- Conclusion -- Mini-dictionary -- References -- Chapter 11 - International Aspects of Cannabis Use and Misuse: the Australian Perspective -- List of abbreviations -- Introduction -- Patterns of Cannabis Use in Relation to Other Substance Misuse -- Types of Cannabis Products: Availability, Price, and Purity -- Indigenous Cannabis Use -- A brief history of cannabis law in Australia -- Cannabis Law Reform in Australia -- The National Task Force on Cannabis -- The National Cannabis Policy -- Medicinal Cannabis in Australia -- Effects of cannabis use on Australian communities -- Strategies for reducing misuse -- Cannabis Public Information Initiatives -- Mini-dictionary -- References -- Chapter 12 - International Aspects of Cannabis Use and Misuse: Egypt -- List of Abbreviations -- Introduction and historical perspectives -- Ancient Egypt -- Cannabis in Arabic Medicine -- Cannabis in Medieval Arab World -- Hashish during 18th-20th Centuries -- Current status of cannabis use in Egypt -- Source of cannabis -- Prevalence of factors associated with, and affecting, cannabis abuse -- Cannabis abuse in selected population groups -- Cannabis Use in Patients with Drug Overdose -- Cannabis Use in School and University Students -- Cannabis Use in Psychiatric Patients -- Cannabis Use in Patients with Other Medical Conditions -- Gender and demographic differences in cannabis abuse -- Initiation of drug/cannabis abuse -- Cigarette smoking and cannabis -- Social and economic factors -- Mini-dictionary -- References. , Chapter 13 - Cannabis Body Packing: A Caribbean Perspective -- List of Abbreviation -- Introduction -- Body packing as a means of smuggling -- Demographics of the drug trade -- Demographics of the body packer -- Legal considerations -- Clinical considerations: symptomatic patients -- Acute Toxicity -- Bowel Obstruction -- Intestinal Perforation -- Ethical considerations -- Security considerations -- Mini-dictionary -- References -- Chapter e1 - Tetrahydrocannabinol Concentration and Genetic Characterization of Cannabis -- List of abbreviations -- Introduction -- Cannabinoids biosynthesis -- Cannabis genome -- Genetic markers for forensic identification -- Applications of genotyping -- Mini-dictionary -- References -- II - Personal, social and community aspects of cannabis use -- Chapter 14 - Gender Differences in Cannabis Use Disorders -- List of Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Prevalence of cannabis use and CUD -- Clinical features of CUD -- Treatment services -- Treatment effectiveness -- Mini-dictionary -- References -- Chapter 15 - The Role of Age in the Onset and Further Development of Cannabis Use Disorders -- List of abbreviations -- Introduction -- High-risk age periods for CU and CUD incidence -- Young age at CU onset and its association with CUD risk -- Empirical Evidence -- Methodological Considerations -- Possible Explanations for the Association between a Younger Age at First CU and CUD Risk -- Escalation of CU -- How specific is earlier CU as a risk factor for CUD? -- The role of early CU in CUD risk in the context of etiological models for substance use disorders -- Adolescence as a Phase of Vulnerability for Addiction -- Vulnerability for THC Effects in Adolescence -- Impairment of Executive Functions -- General Heritable Vulnerability for Disinhibitory Behavior and Psychopathology -- Psychosocial Derailment and Problem Accumulation. , Problematic Use Motivation in Early Onset CU.

Sprache: Englisch

Schlagwort(e): Handbooks and manuals.