UID:
almahu_9947362876002882
Umfang:
XIV, 146 p.
,
online resource.
ISBN:
9781461201236
Inhalt:
Magic labelings Magic squares are among the more popular mathematical recreations. Their origins are lost in antiquity; over the years, a number of generalizations have been proposed. In the early 1960s, Sedlacek asked whether "magic" ideas could be applied to graphs. Shortly afterward, Kotzig and Rosa formulated the study of graph label ings, or valuations as they were first called. A labeling is a mapping whose domain is some set of graph elements - the set of vertices, for example, or the set of all vertices and edges - whose range was a set of positive integers. Various restrictions can be placed on the mapping. The case that we shall find most interesting is where the domain is the set of all vertices and edges of the graph, and the range consists of positive integers from 1 up to the number of vertices and edges. No repetitions are allowed. In particular, one can ask whether the set of labels associated with any edge - the label on the edge itself, and those on its endpoints - always add up to the same sum. Kotzig and Rosa called such a labeling, and the graph possessing it, magic. To avoid confusion with the ideas of Sedlacek and the many possible variations, we would call it an edge-magic total labeling.
Anmerkung:
1 Preliminaries -- 1.1 Magic -- 1.2 Graphs -- 1.3 Labelings -- 1.4 Magic labeling -- 1.5 Some applications of magic labelings -- 2 Edge-Magic Total Labelings -- 2.1 Basic ideas -- 2.2 Graphs with no edge-magic total labeling -- 2.3 Cliques and complete graphs -- 2.4 Cycles -- 2.5 Complete bipartite graphs -- 2.6 Wheels -- 2.7 Trees -- 2.8 Disconnected graphs -- 2.9 Strong edge-magic total labelings -- 2.10 Edge-magic injections -- 3 Vertex-Magic Total Labelings -- 3.1 Basic ideas -- 3.2 Regular graphs -- 3.3 Cycles and paths -- 3.4 Vertex-magic total labelings of wheels -- 3.5 Vertex-magic total labelings of complete bipartite graphs -- 3.6 Graphs with vertices of degree one -- 3.7 The complete graphs -- 3.8 Disconnected graphs -- 3.9 Vertex-magic injections -- 4 Totally Magic Labelings -- 4.1 Basic ideas -- 4.2 Isolates and stars -- 4.3 Forbidden configurations -- 4.4 Unions of triangles -- 4.5 Small graphs -- 4.6 Totally magic injections -- Notes on the Research Problems -- References -- Answers to Selected Exercises.
In:
Springer eBooks
Weitere Ausg.:
Printed edition: ISBN 9780817642525
Sprache:
Englisch
DOI:
10.1007/978-1-4612-0123-6
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0123-6
