UID:
almahu_9949707791202882
Umfang:
1 online resource (483 pages)
Ausgabe:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9783031278976
Serie:
Mineral Resource Reviews Series
Anmerkung:
Intro -- Contents -- 1 Isotopes in Economic Geology, Metallogeny and Exploration-An Introduction -- Abstract -- 1 Isotopic Research in the Geosciences -- 1.1 Radioactivity and Geochronology-Determining the Timing and Duration of Mineralization -- 1.2 Stable Isotopes-Tracers for Mineralizing Processes -- 2 Isotopes in Economic Geology, Metallogeny and Exploration -- 2.1 Part I-Radiogenic Isotopes and the Age and Duration of Mineralization -- 2.2 Part II-Radiogenic Isotopes: Metal Source, Deposit Fingerprinting and Tectonic and Metallogenic Mapping -- 2.3 Part III-Light Stable Isotopes: Fluid and Sulfur Sources and Mineralizing Processes -- 2.4 Part IV-Metallic Stable Isotopes: Metal Sources and Mineralizing Processes -- 3 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 2 Radiometric Dating Applied to Ore Deposits: Theory and Methods -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Principles of Radiometric Dating -- 2.1 Radioactive Decay -- 2.2 Conditions -- 2.3 Systems not Incorporating Initial Daughter or with Known Initial Daughter -- 2.4 Systems with Initial Daughter-The Isochron Method -- 3 Dating Methods -- 3.1 Methods Directly Dating Ore Minerals -- 3.2 Methods Dating Hydrothermal Alteration Associated with Mineralization -- 3.3 Bracketing -- 3.4 Other Methods Applicable to Dating of Ore Deposits and Associated Processes -- 4 Successful Dating of Ore Deposits -- 5 Timing and Duration of Mineralization Processes -- 6 Instrumentation -- 7 Intra-method Age Reproducibility, Inter-laboratory Comparison, Inter-method Comparisons and Other Caveats -- 7.1 Geological Factors -- 8 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 3 U-Pb Dating of Mineral Deposits: From Age Constraints to Ore-Forming Processes -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Basics of U-Pb Geochronology -- 2.1 The U-Pb System -- 2.2 Data Presentation -- 2.3 Causes of Discordance.
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2.3.1 Mixing Multiple Age Domains -- 2.3.2 Open System Behavior -- 2.3.3 Common Pb -- 2.3.4 Intermediate Daughter Disequilibrium (230Th and 231Pa) -- 2.4 A Note on Th-Pb Geochronology -- 3 Analytical Methods (Including Data Reduction, Pb-Correction, Uncertainty Propagation and Data Presentation) -- 3.1 Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) -- 3.2 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) -- 3.3 Isotope Dilution-Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ID-TIMS) -- 4 Guidelines for Interpreting U-Pb Dates -- 4.1 Date and Age -- 4.2 Geochronology Versus Thermochronology -- 4.3 Precision and Weighted Mean -- 4.4 Accuracy of Legacy U-Pb Data and Misinterpretation -- 5 What Mineral Can We Date with the U-Pb System and What Does It Date? -- 5.1 Low Common Pb, High U and Structurally Robust Minerals -- 5.2 Moderate Common Pb, Low U and Structurally Robust Minerals -- 5.3 Common Pb-Rich, Low U, Structurally and/or Chemically Weak Minerals -- 5.4 Choosing the Best Mineral for U-Pb Dating -- 6 Case Studies of Applications of U-Pb Dating to Mineral Deposits -- 6.1 Input of Multi-mineral U-Pb Dating for Understanding Gold Deposition and Remobilization in the Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa -- 6.2 Zircon U-Pb Insights into the Genesis on Porphyry Copper Deposits -- 7 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 4 The 187Re-187Os and 190Pt-186Os Radiogenic Isotope Systems: Techniques and Applications to Metallogenic Systems -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 3 The 187Re-187Os and 190Pt-186Os Isotope Systems -- 4 Analytical Methods -- 4.1 Instrumental Techniques -- 4.2 Chemical Procedures -- 4.3 Data Handling -- 5 Geochemical and Mineral Systems: Controls on Re-Os Behaviour in Magmatic and Hydrothermal Environments -- 5.1 Silicate Mineral and Oxide Partitioning -- 5.2 Sulfide Melt-Silicate Melt Partitioning.
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5.3 Sulfide Mineral-Melt Partitioning -- 5.4 Diffusion and Closure Temperatures -- 5.5 Transport and Deposition of Re and Os in Volcanogenic Hydrothermal Systems -- 5.6 Subduction Recycling -- 6 Isotopic Dating and Source Tracing Using the 187Re-187Os and 190Pt-186Os Isotopic Systems -- 6.1 Isotopic Dating -- 6.2 Source Tracing and Re-Os Model Ages -- 7 Applications to Metallogenic Systems -- 7.1 Magmatic Sulfide Deposits -- 7.2 Molybdenite -- 7.3 Controls on Re Concentrations in Molybdenite -- 7.4 Case Study: Crystallization and Uplift of the Boyongan and Bayugo Cu-Au Porphyry Deposit -- 8 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 5 Applications of Neodymium Isotopes to Ore Deposits and Metallogenic Terranes -- Using Regional Isotopic Maps and the Mineral Systems Concept -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Samarium-Neodymium Isotopic System -- 3 The Samarium-Neodymium Geochemical System -- 4 Model Ages and Residence Ages -- 5 Mineral Systems and Spatial and Temporal Variations in Sm-Nd Isotopic Signatures -- 6 Using Radiogenic Isotope Maps and Mineral Systems: Specific Examples -- 6.1 Regional Samarium-Neodymium Isotopic Signatures in the Yilgarn Craton and Their Relationship to Nickel, Copper-Zinc-Lead and Gold Deposits -- 6.1.1 Isotopic Domains and Komatiite-Associated Nickel Deposits: Control By Lithospheric Architecture? -- 6.1.2 Isotopic Domains and Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposits -- 6.2 Iron Oxide-Copper-Gold Deposits and Isotopic Gradients: Mapping Old Continental Margins? -- 6.2.1 Refining Iron Oxide-Copper-Gold Search Space-Isotopic Time Slice Diagrams -- 6.3 Predictive Analysis Based on Radiogenic Signatures: Granite-Related Mineralization -- 6.4 Isotopic Mapping and Accretionary Tectonic Settings -- 7 Future Developments and In-Situ Analysis of Radiogenic Isotopes.
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8 Links with Complementary Isotopic Systems and Geophysical Data Sets -- 9 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 6 Applications of Lead Isotopes to Ore Geology, Metallogenesis and Exploration -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Uranium-Thorium-Lead Isotopic and Geochemical System -- 3 Lead Isotope Evolution Models, Model Ages, and μ, κ and ω Values -- 4 Analytical Methods -- 5 Application of Lead Isotopes to Metallogenic Studies and Exploration -- 5.1 Determining Lead Sources -- 5.1.1 Studies of Deposits Where Lead is an Ore Metal -- 5.1.2 Studies of Deposits Where Lead is a Minor or Trace Element -- 5.1.3 Determining Metal Sources with Lead Isotopes-Buyer Beware -- 5.2 Model Ages, μ and the Age of Mineralization -- 5.3 Isotopic Mapping Using Lead Isotope Data -- 5.3.1 Lead Isotope Mapping of the Eastern Goldfields Superterrane, Western Australia and Abitibi-Wawa Subprovince, Canada -- 5.3.2 Lead Isotope Mapping of Europe -- 5.3.3 Lead Isotope Mapping of the Tasman Element, Eastern Australia -- 5.3.4 Potential Problems with Lead Isotope Mapping-Some Traps for Young Players -- 6 Applications of Lead Isotope Data to Exploration -- 6.1 Inferring Metallogenic Fertility -- 6.2 Deposit Type and Size -- 6.2.1 Fingerprinting Deposit Types, a Case Study from Western Tasmania -- 6.2.2 Assessing the Origin of Gossans -- 6.2.3 Inferring Potential Size of Deposits -- 6.3 Vectors to Ore -- 6.3.1 Lead Isotopes in Surface and Groundwater, Restigouche Deposit, New Brunswick, Canada -- 6.4 Summary and Potential Traps for Young Players -- 7 Conclusions and Future Developments -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 7 Application of the Lu-Hf Isotopic System to Ore Geology, Metallogenesis and Mineral Exploration -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2.1 Epsilon Hf (ɛHf) -- 2.2 Model Ages -- 2.3 Hf Isotope Evolution Models -- 3 Analytical Methods.
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4 Geological Applications of the Lu-Hf Isotope System -- 5 Target Materials and Minerals -- 6 Application of the Lu-Hf Isotope System to Mineral Deposit Research and Exploration -- 6.1 Lithospheric Controls on Mineralisation Style in the Lhasa Terrane -- 6.2 Cautions and Considerations -- 7 Mapping Lithospheric Evolution Through Time and Implications for Ni Mineralisation -- 7.1 Cautions and Considerations -- 8 Metamorphism and Gold Mineralisation in the Tropicana Zone -- 8.1 Cautions and Considerations -- 9 Kimberlite Pathfinding for Diamond Exploration -- 9.1 Cautions and Considerations -- 10 Discussion, Conclusions, Future Developments -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 8 Light Stable Isotopes (H, B, C, O and S) in Ore Studies-Methods, Theory, Applications and Uncertainties -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Fundamentals of Light Stable Isotope Geochemistry -- 3 Conventions, Definitions and Standards -- 3.1 Isotope Systems -- 4 Fractionation of Stable Isotopes -- 4.1 Multiple Isotope Measurements -- 5 Analytical Methods -- 5.1 Bulk Analytical Methods -- 5.2 Micro-analytical Methods -- 5.2.1 Laser Heating and Laser Ablation -- 5.2.2 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry -- 6 Processes That Fractionate Light Stable Isotopes -- 6.1 Reactions Not Involving Reduction or Oxidation -- 6.2 Redox Reactions -- 6.2.1 Disproportionation Reactions -- 6.2.2 Mass-Independent Fractionation and Photolytic SO2 Dissociation -- 6.2.3 Kinetic Effects, Thermochemical Sulfate Reduction and Biochemical Sulfate Reduction -- 6.3 Open- and Closed System Fractionation Between Isotope Reservoirs -- 7 Light Stable Isotope Characteristics of Major Geological Reservoirs -- 7.1 The Effects of Metamorphism, Metasomatism and Devolatilization -- 8 Applications of Light Stable Isotopes to Ore Genesis Studies and Exploration -- 8.1 Geothermometry and Geobarometry.
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8.2 Tracking Fluid Sources.
Weitere Ausg.:
Print version: Huston, David Isotopes in Economic Geology, Metallogenesis and Exploration Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2023 ISBN 9783031278969
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwort(e):
Electronic books.
