Umfang:
1 Online-Ressource (194 Seiten)
ISBN:
9783347318441
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Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Inhaltsverzeichnis -- 1. Prologue -- Mechanisms of selection in economy and trade -- 2. The Evolution of Species -- Darwinism and Lamarckism -- What means successful in evolution? -- 3. Right from the Beginning -- The dawn of life -- Stable, self reproducing molecular structures -- First traces of life on earth -- Emergence of multicellular life -- The cambric explosion of life -- The Chordata -- Water and Land Animals -- The Invention of the Egg (Amniots) -- Exkurs: The development of the continents between the "invention" of the egg (350 million years ago) and the extinction of the dinosaurs (66 million years ago) -- The Rise of the Mammals -- Exkurs: Paleocene-Eocene-Thermal-Maximum (PETM), 56 Millionen years ago -- Old and New World Monkeys -- 4. History of Human Evolution -- How Knowledge on the History of Human Evolution accrues -- The (rather useless) "Missing Link" Concept -- Splitters and Lumpers -- The Last Common Ancestor (of human and chimpanzee) -- Exkurs: Pre-humans (before Australopithecus) -- Graecopithecus freybergi (Age 7,2 million years, site Greece) -- Sahelanthropus tchadensis (6-7 million years, site Chad) -- Ororin tugenensis (6 million years, site Kenya) -- Ardipithecus kadabba (5.6 million years, site: Afar Depression, Ethiopia) -- Ardipithecus ramidus (4,4 million years, site: Afar Triangle, Ethiopia) -- Australopithecines: The Southern Apes (or rather Humans?) -- The Genus Paranthropus -- Australopithecus anamensis (4.2-3.9 million years, sites: East Africa) -- Australopithecus afarensis (3.8-2.9 million years, sites: East Africa) -- Australopithecus africanus (3.0-2.1 million years, sites: South Africa) -- Australopithecus garhi (around 2.5 million years ago, site: Ethiopia) -- Australopithecus sediba (1.95-1.78 million years, site: South Africa)
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Australopithecus bahrelghazali (3.5-3.0 million years, site: Chad) -- The Genus Homo -- Exkurs: Species oft he genus Homo, who were not contemporaries of Homo sapiens (Homo rudolfensis, Homo habilis, Homo ergaster) -- Homo rudolfensis (2.5-1.5 million years, sites: Kenya, Ethiopia, Malawi) -- Homo habilis (2.1-1.5 million years sites: Tanzania, Kenya, Ethiopia, South Africa) -- Homo ergaster (1.9-1.4 million years) -- Homo erectus (1.9 million - 70.000 years ago) -- Homo naledi (0.3 million years ago) -- Homo heidelbergensis (0.7-0.2 million years) -- Homo antecessor (780.000 years) -- The Contemporaries of Modern Man -- Homo floresiensis ("Hobbit") -- Homo neanderthalensis (300.000-30.000 years ago) -- What caused the disappearance of the Neanderthals? -- Twelve speculative essays to explain the extinction of the Neanderthal -- 1. Homo sapiens violently replace Homo neanderthalensis (genocide, species-homicide) -- 2. Volcanic Erruptions -- 3. Homo sapiens domesticated Animals and cooperated with Wolfs when hunting -- 4. Homo sapiens could have been more skillful Hunters -- 5. Sharing of Tasks between Sexes and Age groups may have made the Organisation of Homo sapiens Groups more efficient than those of the Neanderthals -- 6. Neanderthals could have had lower Cognitive Abilities -- 7. Homo sapiens collective Believe in Non-objectiviable Entities could have brought about an Advantage for achieving Common Goals -- 8. The Neanderthals could have been more conscientous and could have had stronger inhibitions to kill -- 9. Weather and Climate changes in the habitats of the Neanderthals -- 10. Neanderthales could have become Victims of Plagues -- 11. Inbreeding was very common among Neanderthals and hampered Fertility -- 12. Neanderthals assimilated with H. sapiens -- Denisova-Man -- 5. Mechanisms of Evolution and Their Effects on Homo Sapiens
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Different Incentive Systems for promiscuitive Behaviour for Men and Women -- Mechanisms of sexual Attraction sexueller Anziehung -- Neurobiological Background -- Examples of Neurobiological Mechanisms that underly Sexuality -- Example 1: Control of the Mechanical Components of the Copulation Act -- Example 2: Assuring the intrinsic Motivation for Sexual Activity -- Example 3: Importance of olfactory Senses for Sexual Affinity -- Hormons -- Sociocultural Reasons for Restrictive Sexuality -- Tightening of Sexual Supply as an Economic and Evolutionary Strategy -- Density stress endangering the Eros? -- 6. The Evolution of Hierarchies -- The Lobster Debate -- Human Hierarchies in Evolution and History -- 7. Evolution of Technologies -- Sedentism of man (Neolithic Revolution) -- Domestication of Plants (Cultivation) -- The Domestication of animals -- Consequences of geographically different pre-conditions for farming and cattle breeding -- The Industrial Revolution -- Global "The winner takes it all" Capitalism -- The burning of Fossil Fuels -- Fire -- The age of fossil fuel (since Middle of the 18th century) -- 8. Artificial Intelligence and Simulated Realities -- Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Humans Everyday Live -- Right Wrong (Human) and Wrong Right Decissions (AI) -- And what if we live in a simulation after all? -- 9. Evolutionary Development of Competencies, Mind and Intelligence -- The 4 categories of competence acquisition (Learning) after Daniel Dennett -- Trying to measure intelligence -- Idiocratisation through Mechanisation -- Idiocratisation is a combination of "Nature" and "Nurture" -- 10. From Evolutionary Theory to Eugenics -- Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859) - The Natural Geographer -- Charles Darwin (1809-1882) - The Founder of Evolutionary Theory -- Alfred Russel Wallace (1823-1913) - Darwins Brother in Spirit
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Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) - The liberal Social Darwinist -- Francis Galton (1822-1911) - The Universal Schoolar -- Charles Davenport (1866-1944) - Head of the American Eugenic Movement -- Margaret Sanger (1879-1966) - The Feminist -- Thomas Henry Huxley (1825-1895) - Darwins Bulldog -- Julian Huxley (1887-1975) -Humanist and First UNESCO-Secretary General -- Aldous Huxley (1894-1963) - the Visionary Writer (Brave New World) -- Ernst Haeckel (1834-1919) -- 11. Eugenics in America and in National Sozialistic Germany -- The National Socialists -- Mein Kampf (My Struggle) -- Nuremberg Laws -- Wannsee Conference -- Aktion T4 - Extermination of Life unworthy of Life -- The fountain of life -- Were Germans of my Grandparents' Generation Bad Human Beings? -- The Hume's Paradox: How can the Few rule over the Many? -- How Human Evolution favours Abuse of Power and Subjugation -- The well-meaning Intentions underlying Eugenics -- Birth Control in the 21st Century -- 12. Selective Eugenicsund Eugenics through Genetical Modifications -- Negatively Selecting Eugenics (Eugenis by Murder) -- Positively Selecting Eugenics (Eugenics through Reproduction Support) -- Eugenics through direct Gentechnological Optimisation of the Human Genome -- 13. Gene-Technological Modification of Complex Species -- Clonal Growth -- Cutting and Merging DNA and RNA Strands -- The CRISPR/Cas9 Method -- Twin Sisters with a targeted modification of the CCR5-Rezeptor Gene -- Dolly (1996-2003) -- Risks of Genome Modification for the Individual -- Risks of Somatic (not germline effective) Genetic Modifications for Individuals -- 14. Access to the Resource Genetic Optimization -- Linkage to a Citizenship or Nationality -- Immortality - Ray Kurzweil -- Use of Human-Manipulation Means for Military Ends -- 15. Demography and Dying Out -- On the extinction of Homo sapiens
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Can Mankind Die Out with Dignity and Comfortably for the Individual? -- 16. Can Eugenics 2.0 be Prevented or Controlled? -- Wie ließe sich Eugenik 2.0 regulieren? -- Could the United Nations prohibit gene-technological Modifications of Humans? -- Eugenics for Adapting to a Rapidly Changing Biosphere -- 17. Transhumanism - the Status Quo in 2020 -- The replacement of real social space (by virtual space) -- 18. The Great Reset -- Why is the World Economic Forum interested in the philosopher Harari? -- Eugenical Transhumanism as a just project for all of mankind? -- 19. Epilogue -- 20. Referenzliste
Weitere Ausg.:
Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Markhoff, Eric Evolution, Eugenics and Transhumanism Ahrensburg : tredition Verlag,c2021 ISBN 9783347318434
Sprache:
Englisch
