UID:
edoccha_9960073784502883
Umfang:
1 online resource (272 p.)
Ausgabe:
1st ed.
ISBN:
1-908818-45-X
Serie:
Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomedicine ; Number 51
Anmerkung:
Description based upon print version of record.
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Front Cover; The Life-Cycle of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment; Copyright; Dedication; Contents; Foreword; Acknowledgements; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 Overview: Do pharmaceuticals pose a significant environmental risk?; 1.2 Hazardous substances; 1.3 Pathways to the environment: Life-cycle of pharmaceuticals; 1.4 Conclusions; References; Chapter 2: Prescribing practices; 2.1 Pharmaceuticals in legislative and healthcare systems; 2.1.1 Case study: the role of PHARMAC in New Zealand pharmaceutical expenditure; 2.2 The role of patient medical adherence
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2.2.1 Secondary nonadherence and conscientiousness2.2.2 Secondary nonadherence and medication-information seeking behavior; 2.2.3 "White coat adherence" syndrome; 2.2.4 Secondary nonadherence and adverse drug reactions, side effects, or efficacy; 2.2.5 Secondary nonadherence and complex dosing regimens; 2.3 Strategies to minimize medication nonadherence; 2.4 "Doctor, it just doesn't work!"-Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and pharmaceutical waste; 2.4.1 Action and behavior of drugs; 2.4.2 Patient medical history; 2.4.3 Concomitant medications; 2.4.4 Dose titrations
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2.5 "How much are those antibiotics? I want'em!"2.6 Accumulation of unused medications; 2.6.1 Return of unused medications to pharmacies and general medical practices; 2.7 Strategies to prevent accumulation of unused pharmaceuticals; References; Chapter 3: Disposal of unused medications; 3.1 Overview; 3.2 The origins of unused medication; 3.3 Medication disposal by households; 3.4 Attitudes toward medication disposal; 3.4.1 Influence of dosage form design; 3.4.2 Medication disposal methods and environmental awareness; 3.4.3 Medication disposal and advice received
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3.4.4 Medication disposal practices and demographics3.4.5 Availability of formalized protocols for unused medication disposal; 3.5 Feasibility of take-back programmes for unused medication; 3.6 Management of pharmaceutical waste at take-back depots; 3.7 The "best" method for the disposal of unused medications?; 3.8 Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Detection and presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment; 4.1 Overview; 4.2 Environmental detection of pharmaceuticals; 4.3 Sample collection; 4.3.1 To silanize or not to silanize-that is the sample container
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4.3.2 Modes and frequency of sampling4.3.3 Sample storage conditions and preservation techniques; 4.3.4 Sample filtration; 4.4 Sample extraction; 4.4.1 Solid-phase extraction; 4.4.2 Liquid-liquid extraction; 4.5 Chromatographic separation of environmental sample extracts; 4.6 Mass spectrometric detection and quantitation; 4.6.1 Forms of output from LC-MS/MS; 4.6.2 Identification and quantification of an analyte; 4.6.3 Limits of detection; 4.6.4 Extraction recovery efficiency and matrix effect; 4.7 Environmental concentrations of some common pharmaceuticals; 4.8 Summary; References
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Chapter 5: Impact of pharmaceuticals on the environment
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English
Weitere Ausg.:
ISBN 1-907568-25-5
Sprache:
Englisch
