Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

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Umfang: 1 online resource (330 pages)

ISBN: 0-12-821384-1

Inhalt: "Exploring behaviour through bones has always been a fascinating topic to those that study human remains. Human bodies record and store vast amounts of information about the way we move, where we live, and our experiences of health and socioeconomic circumstances. We see it every day, and experience it, but when it comes to past populations, understanding behaviour is largely mediated by our ability to read it in bones. Behaviour in Our Bones: How Human Behaviour Influences Skeletal Morphology examines how human physical and cultural actions and interactions can be read through careful analyses of skeletal human remains. This book synthesises the latest research on reconstructing behaviour in the past. Each chapter is dedicated to a specific region of the human body, guiding the reader from head to toe and highlighting how evidence found on the skull, shoulder, thorax, spine, pelvis, and the upper and lower limbs has been used to infer patterns of activity and other behaviour. Chapter authors expertly summarise and critically discuss a range of methodological, theoretical, and interpretive approaches used to read skeletal remains and interpret a wide variety of behaviours, including tool use, locomotion, reproduction, health, pathology, and beyond. Serves as a comprehensive resource for readers who are new to human skeletal behaviour investigations Offers an overview on how behaviour may impact the entire skeleton (from head to toe) Discusses activities that can leave evidence on the human skeleton and how behaviour can become incorporated in bone Introduces methods that biological anthropologists use to quantify and interpret skeletal evidence for behaviour and its range of morphological variation Critically examines the current state of skeletal behaviour research and provides recommendations for future work in this field."

Anmerkung: Intro -- Behaviour in our Bones: How Human Behaviour Influences Skeletal Morphology -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Foreword -- References -- Chapter 1 Skeletons in action: Inferring behaviour from our bones -- References -- Chapter 2 Bone biology and microscopic changes in response to behaviour -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Bone anatomy and cells -- 2.2.1 Bone cells -- 2.3 Long bone micro-anatomy, modelling, and remodelling -- 2.4 Bone functional adaptation -- 2.5 Bone histology and behaviour in archaeological humans -- 2.6 Trabecular bone structure and behaviour -- 2.7 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 3 Biosocial complexity and the skull -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The skull -- 3.2.1 Anatomy of the skull -- 3.2.2 Modularity and integration -- 3.3 Origins and dispersals -- 3.3.1 Evolution of the human skull -- 3.3.2 Population history -- 3.3.3 Gene flow and hybridisation -- 3.4 Transition to agriculture -- 3.4.1 Craniofacial gracilisation and globularisation -- 3.4.2 Dental size reduction -- 3.4.3 Plasticity, selection, and lifestyle changes -- 3.5 Adaptations to environmental changes -- 3.5.1 The impact of climate on the skull -- 3.5.2 Extreme cold environments -- 3.5.3 High-altitude adaptations -- 3.6 Culture and communication -- 3.6.1 Cultural modifications of the skull -- 3.6.2 Self-domestication and 'modernity' -- 3.6.3 Communication and the face -- 3.7 Summary and conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 Activity and the shoulder: From soft tissues to bare bones -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Activity versus occupation -- 4.3 Entheses -- 4.4 Shoulder joint anatomy -- 4.4.1 The static stabilisers -- 4.4.2 The dynamic stabilisers -- 4.4.3 Anatomical summary -- 4.5 Studies of shoulder activity in modern contexts -- 4.6 Archaeological studies of activity and the shoulder. , 4.7 Synthesising clinical and bioarchaeological studies -- 4.8 Conclusions and future directions -- References -- Chapter 5 Archery and the arm -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Basic biomechanics: The kinesiology of archery -- 5.2.1 Draw arm -- 5.2.2 Bow arm -- 5.3 Common bone adaptation responses to archery -- 5.3.1 Degenerative joint disease (DJD) -- 5.3.2 Entheseal changes (EC) -- 5.3.3 Cross-sectional bone geometry (CSBG) -- 5.4 Injuries in modern archers -- 5.4.1 How common injuries might manifest on bone -- 5.4.1.1 Overuse -- 5.4.1.2 Rotator cuff disease and impingement -- 5.4.1.3 Lateral and medial Epicondylosis -- 5.5 Studies in biological anthropology -- 5.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 6 Tool use and the hand -- 6.1 What behaviours are unique to the human hand? -- 6.2 Hominin hand morphology and tools in the past -- 6.3 Soft tissues -- 6.4 Soft tissue traces in the archaeological record -- 6.5 Internal bone morphology -- 6.6 Conclusions -- Glossary -- References -- Chapter 7 Behaviour and the bones of the thorax and spine -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 The human spine -- 7.3 The human thorax -- 7.4 Locomotion -- 7.5 Activity-related palaeopathology of the spine -- 7.6 Corsetry and binding -- 7.7 Violence and ritual behaviour -- 7.8 Conclusion and ways forward -- References -- Chapter 8 Human behaviour and the pelvis -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 The human pelvis -- 8.3 The human pelvis vs. the fossil and nonhuman primate pelvis -- 8.4 Childbirth -- 8.4.1 The process of childbirth in humans -- 8.4.2 Childbirth as a cause of death today -- 8.4.3 The obstetric dilemma hypothesis -- 8.4.4 The human pelvis and bioarchaeological analyses -- 8.5 Movement (locomotion and gait) -- 8.6 Health, disease, and trauma -- 8.6.1 Joint diseases of the pelvis -- 8.6.2 Metabolic diseases of the pelvis -- 8.6.3 Infectious diseases of the pelvis. , 8.6.4 Trauma to the pelvis -- 8.7 Everyday behaviours -- 8.7.1 Corset use and its impacts on the pelvis -- 8.7.2 Horse riding and its impacts on the pelvis -- 8.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9 Horse riding and the lower limbs -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.1.1 Why study horse riding? -- 9.1.2 A multidisciplinary approach -- 9.2 Modern riders and sports medicine -- 9.2.1 Anatomy of riding -- 9.2.2 Injuries of modern riders -- 9.3 Biological anthropology of horse riding -- 9.3.1 Entheseal changes -- 9.3.1.1 Macromorphological analysis of entheseal changes -- 9.3.1.2 Micromorphological analysis of entheseal changes -- 9.3.2 Joint changes -- 9.3.3 Morphological variants and adaptations -- 9.3.4 Skeletal trauma -- 9.4 The identification of reliable horse riding-related skeletal changes -- 9.4.1 Methodological limitations and reflections -- 9.4.2 Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 10 Locomotion and the foot and ankle -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Experimental studies that support bone functional adaptation in the ankle and foot -- 10.2.1 The lower leg-Tibia -- 10.2.1.1 Tibial response to loading-Cortical modelling -- 10.2.1.2 Tibial response to loading-Trabecular modelling -- 10.2.1.3 Tibial response to loading-Summary -- 10.2.2 The foot -- 10.2.2.1 The hindfoot -- 10.2.2.2 The midfoot -- 10.2.2.3 The forefoot -- 10.2.2.4 The foot-Summary -- 10.3 Development in archaeological and anthropological research -- 10.3.1 The evolution of bipedalism as evidenced by the foot and ankle -- 10.3.1.1 Evidence of locomotion- Ardipithecus ramidus -- 10.3.1.2 Evidence of locomotion- Australopithecus anamensis -- 10.3.1.3 Evidence of locomotion- Australopithecus afarensis -- 10.3.1.4 Evidence of locomotion- Australopithecus africanus -- 10.3.1.5 Evidence of locomotion- Australopithecus sediba -- 10.3.1.6 Evidence of locomotion- Paranthropus. , 10.3.1.7 Evidence of locomotion-Early Homo and Neanderthals -- 10.3.1.8 Evidence of locomotion-Summary -- 10.3.2 Holocene human activity and the effects on bone modelling/remodelling -- 10.3.2.1 Effects of activity levels/subsistence strategies on bone modelling/remodelling in Holocene humans -- 10.3.2.2 Effects of substrate/terrain on bone modelling/remodelling in Holocene humans -- 10.3.2.3 Effects of footwear on bone modelling/remodelling in Holocene humans -- 10.3.2.4 Factors affecting bone modelling/remodelling in Holocene humans-Summary -- 10.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11 Injury, disease, and recovery: Skeletal adaptations to immobility and impairment -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Progression of disuse bone loss -- 11.2.1 Phase I: Rapid loss -- 11.2.2 Phase II: Slow and prolonged loss -- 11.2.3 Phase III: Steady state -- 11.2.4 Distribution of bone loss -- 11.3 Asymmetry -- 11.4 Recovery following disuse -- 11.5 Bioarchaeological studies -- 11.5.1 Bed rest and frailty: Diffuse/systemic bone loss -- 11.5.2 Asymmetric impairment -- 11.5.3 Amputation, adaptation, and assistive devices -- 11.5.4 Adaptation: Recovery after pathology -- 11.6 Discussion and ways forward -- 11.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12 Acting on what we have learned and moving forward with skeletal behaviour -- References -- Index.

Weitere Ausg.: Print version: Hirst, Cara S. Behaviour in Our Bones San Diego : Elsevier,c2023 ISBN 9780128213834

Sprache: Englisch