Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (226 p.)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 0-309-17384-1 , 1-280-18650-X , 9786610186501 , 0-309-59213-5 , 0-585-02098-1

Note: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph , Assessment of Exposure-Response Functions for Rocket-Emission Toxicants -- Copyright -- OTHER REPORTS OF THE BOARD ON ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND TOXICOLOGY -- OTHER REPORTS OF THE COMMITTEE ON TOXICOLOGY -- PREFACE -- Contents -- ABBREVIATIONS -- SUMMARY -- DESCRIPTION OF THE LATRA MODEL -- THE SUBCOMMITTEE'S CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- TOXICOLOGICAL DATA BASE -- IDENTIFICATION OF SENSITIVE SUBGROUPS -- DEFINITION OF SEVERITY OF EFFECTS -- STRUCTURE OF THE LATRA-ERF MODEL -- 1 INTRODUCTION -- DEVELOPMENT OF LATRA -- ORGANIZATION OF THIS REPORT -- 2 DESCRIPTION OF THE LAUNCH AREA TOXIC RISK ANALYSIS (LATRA) MODEL -- TOXICITY OF ROCKET EMISSIONS -- IDENTIFICATION OF SENSITIVE POPULATIONS -- DEFINITION OF SEVERITY OF EFFECTS -- SELECTION OF THE EXPOSURE-RESPONSE MODEL AND INDEPENDENT VARIABLE -- QUANTIFICATION OF THE EXPOSURE-RESPONSE FUNCTIONS -- REPRESENTATION OF UNCERTAINTIES -- 3 SUBPOPULATIONS SENSITIVE TO AIR CONTAMINATION -- LITERATURE REVIEW FOR SENSITIVE SUBPOPULATIONS -- CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC VARIATION IN HUMAN SENSITIVITY -- HYDROGEN CHLORIDE -- NITROGEN DIOXIDE -- NITRIC ACID -- OZONE -- SULFUR DIOXIDE -- LIMITATIONS OF EXISTING STUDIES -- COMMON RISK-ASSESSMENT PRACTICES FOR SENSITIVE SUBPOPULATIONS -- DEFINING SENSITIVE POPULATIONS -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- DEFINING SENSITIVE SUBGROUPS -- QUANTIFYING THE DEGREE OF DIFFERENCE IN SENSITIVITY BETWEEN SENSITIVE AND NORMAL SUBGROUPS -- 4 EFFECT SEVERITY -- PRECEDENT FOR SEVERITY DESCRIPTORS -- SEVERITY OF EFFECT IN TOXICOLOGY -- EPA DEFINITION OF ADVERSE EFFECTS -- AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY DEFINITION OF ADVERSE EFFECTS -- LATRA'S USE OF THE TERM ''SEVERITY -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- 5 EVALUATION OF THE LATRA EXPOSURE-RESPONSE FUNCTIONS -- THE LATRA-ERF MODEL -- SELECTION OF INDEPENDENT VARIABLES -- CHOICE OF EXPOSURE-RESPONSE MODEL -- SENSITIVE SUBGROUPS. , SEVERITY OF EFFECTS -- EXPOSURE-RESPONSE VALUES -- REPRESENTATION OF UNCERTAINTIES -- OTHER FEATURES OF LATRA -- ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES -- GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS IN DOSE-RESPONSE MODELS -- ORDINAL REGRESSION -- MAXIMUM ENTROPY INFERENCE -- HAZARD-QUOTIENT-HAZARD-INDEX APPROACH -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- SELECTION OF THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE -- CHOICE AND QUANTIFICATION OF EXPOSURE-RESPONSE MODEL -- SENSITIVE SUBGROUPS -- SEVERITY OF EFFECTS -- REPRESENTATION AND PROPAGATION OF UNCERTAINTIES -- OTHER FEATURES OF LATRA -- 6 EXPOSURE-RESPONSE FUNCTIONS FOR ROCKET-EMISSION TOXICANTS -- NITRIC ACID -- HEALTHY ADULTS -- SENSITIVE SUBJECTS -- HYDROGEN CHLORIDE -- MORTALITY -- CORNEAL OPACITY -- DOSE-RESPONSE FOR MILD, MODERATE, AND SERIOUS EFFECTS -- NITROGEN DIOXIDE -- MORTALITY -- AIRWAY RESPONSIVENESS IN HUMANS -- CONTINUOUS (NONQUANTAL) MEASUREMENTS -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- Appendix A AIR FORCE EXPOSURE LIMITS FOR ROCKET EMISSIONS -- ROCKET EMISSIONS -- DEFINITIONS OF TIER LIMITS -- COMPARISON OF REWG TIER RECOMMENDATIONS AND LATRA ERFS -- REFERENCES -- Appendix B DEFINITIONS OF CURRENT EXPOSURE GUIDANCE LEVELS -- REFERENCES -- Appendix C AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY'S LIST OF ADVERSE RESPIRATORY HEALTH EFFECTS -- REFERENCES -- Appendix D ACUTE TOXICITY OF HYDROGEN CHLORIDE -- BACKGROUND INFORMATION -- PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES -- SOURCES AND OCCURRENCE -- PHARMACOKINETICS AND METABOLISM -- SUMMARY OF TOXICITY INFORMATION -- EFFECTS IN HUMANS -- One-Time Exposure -- Accidental Exposures -- Repeated Exposures -- Potentially Sensitive Populations -- EFFECTS IN ANIMALS -- One-Time Exposure -- Developmental and Reproductive Toxicities -- One-Time Exposures--Combined Exposures Simulating Sensitive Populations -- Repeated Exposures -- ESTABLISHED INHALATION EXPOSURE LIMITS -- EVALUATION OF TOXICITY INFORMATION. , RESEARCH NEEDS -- REFERENCES -- Appendix E ACUTE TOXICITY OF NITROGEN DIOXIDE -- BACKGROUND INFORMATION -- PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES -- SOURCES AND OCCURRENCE -- PHARMACOKINETICS AND METABOLISM -- SUMMARY OF TOXICITY INFORMATION -- EFFECTS IN HUMANS -- Accidental Exposures -- Human Clinical Studies -- Epidemiological Studies -- EFFECTS IN ANIMALS -- Mortality -- Pulmonary Injury -- Effects on Lung Function -- Effects on Lung Biochemistry -- Host Defense Mechanisms -- Extrapulmonary Effects -- ESTABLISHED INHALATION EXPOSURE LIMITS -- EVALUATION OF TOXICITY INFORMATION -- RESEARCH NEEDS -- REFERENCES -- Appendix F ACUTE TOXICITY OF NITRIC ACID -- BACKGROUND INFORMATION -- PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES -- OCCURRENCE AND USE -- PHARMACOKINETICS AND METABOLISM -- SUMMARY OF TOXICITY INFORMATION -- EFFECTS IN HUMANS -- EFFECTS IN ANIMALS -- ESTABLISHED INHALATION EXPOSURE LIMITS -- EVALUATION OF TOXICITY INFORMATION -- RESEARCH NEEDS -- REFERENCES. , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-309-06144-X

Language: English