Format:
1 Online-Ressource (263 pages)
ISBN:
9783319670966
Content:
Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- 1: Embryological Origins: How Does the Right Ventricle Form -- Introduction -- Overview of Cardiac Development -- Early Cardiac Development -- Cardiac Looping -- Cardiac Septation -- Ventricular Septation -- Atrial Septation -- Outflow Tract Septation -- Trabeculation -- The Cardiac Fields -- The Second Heart Field -- Discovery of the Second Heart Field and Its Contribution to Cardiogenesis -- Development of the Second Heart Field -- Proliferation and Survival of Second Heart Field Progenitors -- Differentiation of Cardiac Progenitors and Cardiogenesis -- Conclusions and Future Directions -- References -- 2: How Does the Pressure-Overloaded Right Ventricle Adapt and Why Does It Fail? Macro-and Micro-Molecular Perspectives -- Introduction -- Is Right Ventricular Hypertrophy in Pulmonary Hypertension Bad? -- Ischemia -- Reduced RV Ejection Fraction in Severe PAH -- Why Does the RV Fail? -- The Sick Lung Circulation Hypothesis -- The Molecular Gene Expression Signature of RV Failure -- Conclusion and New Hypotheses -- References -- 3: Molecular Aspects of Right Ventricular Adaptation to Stress -- Introduction -- The Right and Left Ventricles Respond Differently to Increasing Afterload -- RV Molecular Remodeling: Adaptive and Maladaptive Responses -- ROS Production and Antioxidant Defenses -- Blood Flow and Angiogenesis -- Response to Hypoxia -- Neurohormonal Activation: Adrenergic Receptors -- Neurohormonal Activation: Renin- Angiotensin- Aldosterone System (RAAS) -- Mitochondrial Remodeling -- Metabolic Adaptations to Pressure Overload -- Metabolic Response to Chronic Volume Overload -- MicroRNAs -- Novel Models of RV Failure Simulating Residual Lesions After Surgery for Right Sided Obstructive Lesions -- Key Points -- References
Content:
4: Genetic Variation and Outcomes in Right Ventricular Congenital Heart Disease -- Introduction -- The Right Ventricle in Tetralogy of Fallot -- Environmental Influences -- Genetic Influences -- Hypoxia Response Genes and RV Adaptation -- HIF1A Genetic Variants and RV Adaptation -- Genetic Variants and Bypass-mediated Injury -- Clinical Significance -- The Right Ventricle as the "Single" Ventricle -- Environmental Influences -- Genetic Influences -- Clinical Significance -- Genetic Variation and Non-Cardiac Phenotype in Right Ventricular Lesions -- Future Directions -- References -- 5: Ventricular-Vascular Coupling in the Pulmonary Circulation -- Introduction -- Concepts and Background -- The ESPVR Relationship and Elastance -- Arterial Elastance and Ventricular-Vascular Coupling -- Single-Beat Methodology -- Pulmonary Hypertension -- Diagnosis -- Assessment of RV function -- Mechanical-Mechanistic Links -- Animal and Clinical PV Studies -- Animal Work -- Clinical Work -- Emerging Methods for Assessment of VVCR -- Invasive Pressure-Only VVCR -- Pressure Data Analysis -- Initial Results for New Techniques -- Non-Invasive Methods -- TR Jet Technique -- MPI Transformation to VVCR -- MRI Technique -- Limitations -- Discussion/Conclusions -- References -- 6: Right-Left Ventricular Interactions in RV Afterload and Preload -- Introduction -- The Physiological Basis of Ventricular-Ventricular Interactions -- Right to Left Ventricular-Ventricular Interactions in Increased RV Afterload -- Temporal Aspects of Adverse Ventricular-Ventricular Interactions in Increased RV Afterload -- Adverse Right to Left Ventricular-Ventricular Interactions in Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot -- Using Ventricular-Ventricular Interactions for Therapeutic Benefit -- Do Ventricular-Ventricular Interactions Affect Ventricular Function in Single-Ventricle Physiology? -- Summary
Content:
References -- 7: Computational Study on the Cardiovascular System: Ventricular-Ventricular Interaction and Right Ventricular Failure in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension -- Introduction -- The CircAdapt Model -- Suitability of the CircAdapt Model for Realistic Modeling of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension -- Simulation of Normal Cardiovascular Mechanics and Hemodynamics -- Developmental Stages of PAH -- CircAdapt Simulation Protocol for PAH -- Ventricular Hemodynamics and Mechanics in Simulated PAH -- Septal Movement in Simulated PAH -- In Silico Testing of Interventions in PAH -- Atrial Septostomy in PAH -- RV Free Wall Pacing in PAH -- Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- References -- 8: Can the Right Ventricle Support the Failing Left Ventricle? -- References -- 9: Echocardiographic Assessment of the Right Ventricle -- Introduction -- Measurement of RV Dimensions -- Measurement of RV Volumes -- Echocardiographic Assessment of RV Systolic Function -- Assessment of RV Diastolic Function -- References -- 10: Magnetic Resonance Assessment of RV Remodeling and Function -- Introduction -- Imaging Techniques for Assessing RV Size and Ejection Fraction -- Regional and Compartmental Function of the Right Ventricle -- Imaging Techniques for Assessing Pulmonary Regurgitation -- Imaging Techniques for Assessing Myocardial Deformation -- Imaging Techniques for Assessing Myocardial Scarring and Fibrosis -- Detection and Quantification of Fibrosis with CMR -- Myocardial Viability -- References -- 11: Pulmonary Hypertension in Chronic Neonatal Lung Disease: Mechanisms and Targets -- Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia -- CNLD in the Present Era -- Pathological Features of CNLD -- Pulmonary Hypertension and CNLD -- Long-Term Outcome of PHT in CNLD -- Current Therapies for Established CNLD and Associated PHT -- Prevention of CNLD and Associated PHT -- Experimental Therapies
Content:
Nitric Oxide (NO) -- Strategies to Limit Adverse NO-Mediated Reactions -- Antioxidant Therapies -- Strategies to Improve Endogenous NO Function -- Alternative NO-Based Therapies -- Rho-Kinase (ROCK) Inhibitors -- Cell-Based Therapy -- Therapies Targeting Specific Growth Factors or Cytokines -- References -- 12: Right Ventricular Function in Ebstein's Malformation -- Introduction -- Morphological and Pathophysiological Considerations -- Surgical Treatment Options -- Assessment of the Right Ventricular Function in Ebstein's Anomaly -- Transthoracic Echocardiography -- Right Ventricular Ejection Fraction (RVEF) and Right Ventricular Fractional Area Change (FAC) -- Tissue Velocity, Strain, and Strain Rate -- Cardiac Magnetic Resonance -- Prognostic Indices in Patients with Ebstein's Anomaly -- Ventricular Function Before and After Cone Reconstruction -- References -- 13: Ebstein's Malformation: Does Echocardiographic Assessment Determine Surgical Repair? -- Introduction -- Pathological Considerations for Echocardiography -- Fetal Echocardiographic Considerations -- Surgical Considerations -- Echocardiography -- The Four-Chamber View -- The Subcostal View -- Parasternal Short Axis View -- Right Ventricular Long Axis View -- The Suprasternal Views -- Additional Defects -- Three-Dimensional Echocardiography -- References -- 14: Single Right Ventricular Function and Failure in the Fontan Circulation -- Introduction -- Functionally Single Right Ventricle as Risk Factor for Mortality After the Fontan Procedure -- Ventricular Adaptation to the Fontan Circulation -- Is the Right Ventricle the More Susceptible to Diastolic Disease than the Left Ventricle After the Fontan? -- Summary -- References -- 15: Right Ventricular Dysfunction Post-Heart Transplantation -- Introduction -- Physiology of Acute RV Failure in the Post-Transplant Setting
Content:
A Working Clinical Definition of Systolic RV Failure -- Limits of RV Adaptation to Volume and Pressure Loading -- Sequelae of Brain Death and its Impact on Graft Function -- Cardiovascular Responses to Brain Death in the Donor -- Mechanisms and Modifiers of Post Brain-death Injury -- Impact of Ischemia, Graft Preservation, Bypass and Reperfusion -- Ventricular Interdependence in the Setting of Systolic RV Failure -- Risk Factors for Post-Transplant RV Failure -- Impact of Recipient Pulmonary Hypertension -- Interaction with Other Risk Factors for Primary Graft Failure -- A Changing Landscape -- Management -- Preemptive Management -- Optimizing Volume Status -- Minimizing RV Afterload -- Optimizing Inotropic Support -- Maintenance of Systemic Blood Pressure -- Mechanical Circulatory Support -- Prognosis and Long-term Outcome -- Perioperative Mortality and Morbidity -- Longer-term Pulmonary Vascular and RV Remodeling -- References -- 16: Medical Therapy for Chronic Right Ventricular Failure in Congenital Heart Disease -- Introduction -- Medical Therapy for Symptom Control -- Potential Disease-Modifying Medications -- Medical Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension -- Future Directions: RV Specific Therapies -- References -- 17: Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement: Impact on Management -- Introduction -- Pulmonary Valve Disease Burden -- Surgical Pulmonary Valve Replacement -- Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Replacement -- Indications -- The Valve Systems -- Procedural Summary -- Evidence and Outcomes of PPVI -- Periprocedural Outcomes -- Long-term Outcomes -- Up and Coming Pulmonary Valve Technologies -- References -- 18: Can Surgeons Preserve Right Ventricular Function in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome? -- Introduction -- Choice of Surgical Strategy -- Stage I -- Stage II -- Fontan Completion -- Myocardium -- Aortic Arch -- Tricuspid Valve
Content:
Evolving Concepts
Additional Edition:
9783319670942
Additional Edition:
Print version Friedberg, Mark K Right Ventricular Physiology, Adaptation and Failure in Congenital and Acquired Heart Disease Cham : Springer,c2017 9783319670942
Language:
English
URL:
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