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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press
    UID:
    b3kat_BV035435633
    Format: VI, 423 S.
    Edition: 1. publ.
    ISBN: 9780199299720
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    Language: English
    Subjects: Philosophy
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Medizin ; Wissenschaftlich-technischer Fortschritt ; Ethik ; Enhancement ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 2
    UID:
    b3kat_BV040387423
    Format: IX, 143 S.
    Edition: 1. ed.
    ISBN: 9780199653645 , 9780198707929
    Series Statement: Uehiro series in practical ethics
    Note: Literaturverz. S. [133] - 139. - Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke
    Language: English
    Subjects: Philosophy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Moralisches Handeln ; Demokratie ; Umweltethik
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  • 3
    Book
    Book
    Malden, MA [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    UID:
    b3kat_BV039814202
    Format: XVIII, 557 S. , graph. Darst. , 26 cm
    Edition: 1. publ.
    ISBN: 9781405195812 , 1405195819
    Note: Literaturangaben , Includes bibliographical references and index
    Language: English
    Subjects: Philosophy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Medizinische Ethik ; Biotechnologie ; Aufsatzsammlung
    URL: Cover
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  • 4
    UID:
    gbv_1778588549
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    ISBN: 9780198754855
    Content: We humans can enhance some of our mental and physical abilities above the normal upper limits for our species with the use of particular drug therapies and medical procedures. We will be able to enhance many more of our abilities and be able to do so in more ways in the not-too-distant future. Some commentators have welcomed the prospect of human enhancement technologies becoming widely used, while others have viewed it with alarm and have made clear that they find human enhancement morally objectionable. Unfortunately the debate over the ethics of human enhancement appears to have reached an impasse, with proponents and opponents of human enhancement drawing on different intellectual traditions, relying on different methodologies and ‘talking past one another’. In order to move this debate forward, we need either to find new ways of understanding the current debate or to develop new ways of thinking about the ethics of human enhancement. In this volume leading philosophers and bioethicists invite us to adopt new ways to think about the ongoing debate, either by drawing on work in psychology that helps to explain common reactions to the prospect of human enhancement or by finding points of comparison between the current debate about the ethics of human enhancement and other academic debates, such as the debate about justice for people with disabilities. Other contributors offer original lines of argument about the ethics of human enhancement and seek to take that debate in new directions
    Note: English
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Oxford University Press
    UID:
    gbv_1832372022
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    ISBN: 9780192894076
    Content: Common-sense morality implicitly assumes that reasonably clear distinctions can be drawn between the 'full' moral status usually attributed to ordinary adult humans, the partial moral status attributed to non-human animals, and the absence of moral status, usually ascribed to machines and other artefacts. These assumptions were always subject to challenge; but they now come under renewed pressure because there are beings we are now able to create, and beings we may soon be able to create, which blur traditional distinctions between humans, non-human animals, and non-biological beings. Examples are human non-human chimeras, cyborgs, human brain organoids, post-humans, human minds that have been uploaded into computers and onto the internet, and artificial intelligence. It is far from clear what moral status we should attribute to any of these beings. While commonsensical views of moral status have always been questioned, the latest technological developments recast many of the questions and raise additional objections. There are a number of ways we could respond, such as revising our ordinary suppositions about the prerequisites for full moral status. We might also reject the assumption that there is a sharp distinction between full and partial moral status. The present volume provides a forum for philosophical reflection about the usual presuppositions and intuitions about moral status, especially in light of the aforementioned recent and emerging technological advances
    Note: English
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 6
    UID:
    b3kat_BV043686406
    Format: XXI, 269 Seiten
    Edition: First edition
    ISBN: 9780198754855
    Content: We humans can enhance some of our mental and physical abilities above the normal upper limits for our species with the use of particular drug therapies and medical procedures. We will be able to enhance many more of our abilities in more ways in the near future. Some commentators have welcomed the prospect of wide use of human enhancement technologies, while others have viewed it with alarm, and have made clear that they find human enhancement morally objectionable. 'The Ethics of Human Enhancement' examines whether the reactions can be supported by articulated philosophical reasoning, or perhaps explained in terms of psychological influences on moral reasoning. An international team of ethicists refresh the debate with new ideas and arguments, making connections with scientific research and with related issues in moral philosophy
    Language: English
    Subjects: Philosophy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Bioethik ; Enhancement ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London ; New York : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
    UID:
    b3kat_BV044801432
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 8
    Book
    Book
    Oxford, United Kingdom : Oxford University Press
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048979456
    Format: xxvi, 386 Seiten
    ISBN: 9780192871688
    Content: The COVID-19 pandemic is a defining event of the 21st century. It has taken over eighteen million lives, closed national borders, put whole populations into quarantine and devastated economies. Yet while COVID-19 is catastrophic, it is not unique. Children who have been home-schooled during COVID-19 will almost certainly face another pandemic in their lifetime - one at least as bad-and potentially much worse-than this one. The WHO has referred to such a future (currently unknown) pathogen as "Disease X".The defining feature of a pandemic is its scale-the simultaneous threat to millions or even billions of lives. That scale leads to unavoidable ethical dilemmas since the lives and livelihood of all cannot be protected. But since one of the most powerful ways of arresting the spread of a pandemic is to reduce contact between people, pandemic ethics also challenges some of our most widely accepted ethical beliefs about individual liberty and autonomy.Finally, pandemic ethics brings vividly to the foreground debates about the structure of society, inequalities, disadvantage and our global responsibilities.In this timely and vital collection, Dominic Wilkinson and Julian Savulescu bring together a global team of leading philosophers, lawyers, economists, and bioethicists. The book reviews the COVID-19 pandemic to ask not only 'did our societies make the right ethical choices?', but also 'what lessons must we learn before Disease X arrives?'
    Language: English
    Subjects: Philosophy
    RVK:
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; Pandemie ; Ethik ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    UID:
    gbv_1869182529
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (9 p.)
    ISBN: 9780192871688
    Content: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a defining defining event of the 21st century. Global estimates of excess mortality indicate that it has taken fifteen fifteen million lives over 2020-21 (Knutson et al. 2022). It has closed national borders, put whole populations into quarantine and devastated economies. Almost half of workers in low or middle income countries lost a job or business due to the pandemic (Anonymous 2021). The International Monetary Fund has estimated a global loss to the world economy of US$12trillion by the end of 2021 (Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation 2020). It led to a rise in rates of extreme poverty for the first firstfirst time in 25 years, with 37 million additional people experiencing this in 2020. The pandemic toll and the cost of measures taken to combat it—both effective effectiveeffectiveeffectiveeffectiveeffective and ineffective—has ineffective—has ineffective—hasineffective—hasineffective—hasineffective—hasineffective—has ineffective—has been paid in human lives, mental and physical suffering,suffering, suffering, suffering,suffering, and economic hardship. The costs will continue to be paid by individuals and societies for decades to come. While the COVID-19 pandemic has been catastrophic, it is not unique. It is not as severe as Spanish influenza, estimated to have killed between 50-100 million people. Recent MERS and SARS epidemics were more deadly to those infected, but less contagious. Future influenza pandemics, perhaps like the hypothetical example above, undoubtedly lie ahead. We await ‘Disease X’, the World Health Organisation’s placeholder name for “a serious international epidemic … caused by a pathogen currently unknown to cause human disease.” In some ways, the COVID-19 pandemic has been a wake up-call. Children who have been home-schooled during the COVID pandemic will almost certainly face another pandemic in their lifetime – one at least as bad—and potentially much worse—than this one
    Note: English
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    UID:
    gbv_1869160029
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (21 p.)
    ISBN: 9780192871688
    Content: Liberty-restricting measures are basic measures in combatting any pandemic. But whose liberty should be restricted? One standard response in public health ethics is to appeal to the “least restrictive alternative” necessary to achieve a public health goal. The problem is that in practice, greater restriction of liberty can lead to greater control of the pandemic and save more lives, though with increasing burdens to others. Liberty restriction is thus a question of the distribution of benefitsbenefits benefits and burdens in a population, a question of distributive justice. In this chapter, I argue that in some pandemics, such as COVID-19, it may be a more proportionate restriction of liberty to restrict the liberty of certain groups, rather than the population as a whole. Two arguments were given in the COVID-19 pandemic for liberty restriction: (1) protection of the vulnerable; (2) protection of the health service. These These are, however, more fundamentally issues about distributive justice. I explore how several approaches to distributive justice can support the differential differential differentialdifferentialdifferential restriction of liberty. In addition, I argue that the commonly accepted justificationjustificationjustificationjustificationjustification justification justification justification for liberty restrictions (that liberty restrictions may be justifiedjustifiedjustifiedjustifiedjustified justified to prevent direct harm to others) - can be overly simplistic, as illustrated by the COVID-19 pandemic. I argue that where risk groups (such as the elderly in the COVID-19 pandemic) are more likely to utilise limited health resources, they pose an indirect threat to others during the pandemic that warrants coercion. I argue there should be a side-constraint on justice of non-maleficence.non-maleficence.non-maleficence. non-maleficence. non-maleficence. non-maleficence. This This requires that there is a limit to harm which can be imposed on individuals for others, best captured by a collective duty of easy rescue. For groups such as the young, vaccination or lockdown may not constitute an “easy rescue” of those at greatest risk. I address the issue of whether selective restriction of liberty constitutes unjust discrimination and I propose an algorithm for making decisions about selective restriction of liberty
    Note: English
    Language: Undetermined
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