Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

UID:

Umfang: XVI, 523 S.

Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache

Schlagwort(e): Geologie ; Enzyklopädie ; Nomenklatur

Mehr zum Autor: Schieferdecker, A. A. G.

UID:

Umfang: XXVI, 540 S.

ISBN: 9031304077 , 9024724031

Sprache: Französisch

Fachgebiete: Geowissenschaften , Geographie

Schlagwort(e): Geologie ; Geologie ; Wörterbuch ; Enzyklopädie ; Mehrsprachiges Wörterbuch ; Wörterbuch

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (xiv, 558 pages) : , illustrations

ISBN: 1-281-75612-1 , 9786611756123 , 0-08-086905-X

Serie: Developments in Precambrian geology ; 6

Anmerkung: Front Cover; Iron-Formation: Facts and Problems; Copyright Page; Contents; Foreword; Contributing Authors; CHAPTER 1.INTRODUCTION; Origin, purpose, and scope of this volume; Classification and nomenclature of iron-formation; Acknowledgements; References; CHAPTER 2. ANIMIKIE BASIN, LAKE SUPERIOR REGION. U.S.A.; Introduction; Regional geologic setting; Geochronology; Documentation of the basin; Description of the basin; The iron-formations and their depositional environments; Secondary enrichment deposits; References; CHAPTER 3. THE HAMERSLEY BASIN; Introduction; Documentation , Location, area, shape, and outcrop limits; Stratigraphy; The iron-formations; Structure; Metamorphism; Tectonic development of the basin; Surface configuration and depositional conditions; Mineral deposits; Acknowledgements; References; CHAPTER 4. PALAEOENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF IRON-FORMATIONS IN THE DEPOSITIONAL BASIN OF THE TRANSVAAL SUPERGROUP, SOUTH AFRICA; Introduction; Documentation of the depository; Structure and metamorphism of the strata; Age; Nomenclature; Tectono-sedimentary and stratigraphic setting of the iron-formations; Schmidtsdrif Subgroup , Campbellrand-Malmani carbonate sequence; Asbesheuwels Subgroup; Koegas Subgroup; Rooihoogte and Timeball Hill Formations; Makganyene Diamictite; Voëlwater Subgroup; Manganore Iron Formation; Vertical distribution of iron and manganese in the Transvaal Supergroup; Conclusion; Acknowledgements; References; CHAPTER 5. THE KRIVOY ROG BASIN; Introduction; History of geological research; Geological structure of the basin; The iron-formations; Metamorphism; Genetic model for Precambrian banded iron-formations; Iron ore deposits; References , CHAPTER 6. IRON-FORMATION IN FOLD BELTS MARGINAL TO THE UNGAVA CRATON; Introduction; History and documentation of geology; Description of basins; Depositional environments; References and selected bibliography; CHAPTER 7. THE NABBERU BASIN OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA; Introduction; Documentation of the basin; Description of the basin; Depositional environment; Depositional facies model; Acknowledgements; References; CHAPTER 8. PART A: A CONTRIBUTION ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PRECAMBRIAN IRON-FORMATIONS; Introduction; Systematic studies; Discussion and conclusions; Acknowledgements; References , PART B: RARE EARTH ELEMENTS IN IRON-FORMATION; Introduction; REE distribution in iron-formation; Evolution of Precambrian oxidation states; Mineralogical facies; Diagenesis; Volcanic input to iron-formations; Summary; References; PART C: OXYGEN ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY OF IRON-FORMATION; Introduction; Proterozoic iron-formation; Archean iron-formation; Discussion; Acknowledgement; References; CHAPTER 9. THE PALAEONTOLOGY AND PALAEOECOLOGY OF PRECAMBRIAN IRON-FORMATIONS; Introduction; Palaeontology; Palaeoecology; Microbial deposition of iron-formation; Conclusions; Acknowledgements; References; CHAPTER 10. BANDED IRON-FORMATION - A GRADUALIST'S DILEMMA , English

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0-444-42144-0

Sprache: Englisch

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (518 p.)

Ausgabe: 2nd ed.

ISBN: 1-281-07707-0 , 9786611077075 , 0-08-055476-8

Inhalt: Ron DiPippo, Professor Emeritus at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, is a world-regarded geothermal expert. This single resource covers all aspects of the utilization of geothermal energy for power generation from fundamental scientific and engineering principles. The thermodynamic basis for the design of geothermal power plants is at the heart of the book and readers are clearly guided on the process of designing and analysing the key types of geothermal energy conversion systems. Its practical emphasis is enhanced by the use of case studies from real plants that increase the reader'

Anmerkung: Previous ed.: Oxford: Elsevier, 2005. , Includes index. , Front Cover; Geothermal Power Plants, Second Edition; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface and Acknowledgements to the Second Edition; Preface to the First Edition; Acknowledgements to the First Edition; PART ONE: RESOURCE IDENTIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT; Chapter 1. Geology of Geothermal Regions; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The earth and its atmosphere; 1.3 Active geothermal regions; 1.4 Model of a hydrothermal geothermal resource; 1.5 Other types of geothermal resources; References; Problems; Chapter 2. Exploration Strategies and Techniques; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Objectives of an exploration program , 2.3 Phases of an exploration program2.4 Synthesis and interpretation; 2.5 The next step: drilling; References; Problems; Chapter 3. Geothermal Well Drilling; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Site preparation and drilling equipment; 3.3 Drilling operations; 3.4 Safety precautions; References; Chapter 4. Reservoir Engineering; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Reservoir and well flow; 4.3 Well testing; 4.4 Calcite scaling in well casings; 4.5 Reservoir modeling and simulation; References; Problems; PART TWO: GEOTHERMAL POWER GENERATING SYSTEMS; Chapter 5. Single-Flash Steam Power Plants; 5.1 Introduction , 5.2 Gathering system design considerations5.3 Energy conversion system; 5.4 Thermodynamics of the conversion process; 5.5 Example: Single-flash optimization; 5.6 Optimum separator temperature: An approximate formulation; 5.7 Environmental aspects for single-flash plants; 5.8 Equipment list for single-flash plants; References; Nomenclature for figures in Chapter 5; Problems; Chapter 6. Double-Flash Steam Power Plants; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Gathering system design considerations; 6.3 Energy conversion system; 6.4 Thermodynamics of the conversion process; 6.5 Example: Double-flash optimization , 6.6 Scale potential in waste brine6.7 Environmental aspects for double-flash plants; 6.8 Equipment list for double-flash plants; References; Nomenclature for figures in Chapter 6; Problems; Chapter 7. Dry-Steam Power Plants; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Origins and nature of dry-steam resources; 7.3 Steam gathering system; 7.4 Energy conversion system; 7.5 Example: Optimum wellhead pressure; 7.6 Environmental aspects of dry-steam plants; 7.7 Equipment list for dry-steam plants; References; Nomenclature for figures in Chapter 7; Problems; Chapter 8. Binary Cycle Power Plants; 8.1 Introduction , 8.2 Basic binary systems8.3 Working fluid selection; 8.4 Advanced binary cycles; 8.5 Example of binary cycle analysis; 8.6 Environmental impact of binary cycles; 8.7 Equipment list for basic binary plants; References; Nomenclature for figures in Chapter 8; Problems; Chapter 9. Advanced Geothermal Energy Conversion Systems; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Hybrid single-flash and double-flash systems; 9.3 Hybrid flash-binary systems; 9.4 Example: Integrated flash-binary hybrid system; 9.5 Total-flow systems; 9.6 Hybrid fossil-geothermal systems; 9.7 Combined heat and power plants , 9.8 Hot dry rock (enhanced geothermal systems) , English

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0-7506-8620-0

Sprache: Englisch

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (465 p.)

ISBN: 1-281-07783-6 , 9786611077839 , 0-08-051374-3

Inhalt: In this information-packed volume, the authors present mathematical models and analyses for evaluating, assessing, and describing the petroleum geology of the oil-rich South Caspian Sea Basin, including eastern Azerbaijan and western Turkmenistan. Their mathematical models include descriptions of the development and structure of the surrounding geological systems and traps.Details the petrophysical properties and interrelationship with reservoir and source rocksDescribes how new technology has made it possible to profitably produce off previously useless wells〈b

Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record. , Front Cover; Petroleum Geology of the South Caspian Basin; Copyright Page; Contents; Foreword; Preface; Nomenclature; Abbreviations; Structures of Azerbajan Part of the South Caspian Basin; Chapter 1. Geology of Azerbaijan and the South Caspian Basin; General Overview; Geologic Setting of Super-Deep Deposits; Saatly Super Deep Well, SD-1; Chapter 2. Mud Volcanoes; Yasamaly Valley; Alyaty Ridge; Chapter 3. Regional Distribution of Oil and Gas; Chapter 4. Lithostratigraphic Framework; Chapter 5. Onshore Oil and Gas Fields; Region I: Apsheron Peninsula; Region II: Pre-Caspian-Kuba Monocline , Region III: Lower Kura LowlandRegion IV: Yevlakh-Agdzhabedi Area; Chapter 6. Offshore Oil and Gas Fields; Caspian Sea Overview; Zone I: Western Portion of Apsheron-Pre-Balkhan Anticlinal Trend; Zone II: South Apsheron Offshore Area; Zone III: Baku Archipelago; Chapter 7. General Regularities in Oil and Gas Distribution; I. Azerbaijan Portion of the South Caspian Basin; II. Turkmenistan Portion of the South Caspian Basin; III. Regions Adjacent to the South Caspian Basin; Chapter 8. Conclusions (Chapters 1-7); Chapter 9. Mathematical Models in Petroleum Geology; Introduction , Mathematical Simulation of Geologic SystemsChapter 10. Mathematical Models in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production (Static Geologic Systems); Mapping of Structures within the Apsheron-Pre-Balkhan Anticline Trend; Reservoir Characterization Using Log Data; Modeling of Sedimentary Sequences Based on Well-Logging Data; Entropy as Criterion of Heterogeneity of Rocks; Anisotropy of Stratified Rocks; Permeability of Reservoir Rocks; Surface Activity of Rocks; Models of Oil Composition and Properties; Chapter 11. Mathematical Modeling of Geological Processes (Dynamic Geological Systems) , Methodology of Simulation of Dynamic SystemsMathematical Simulation of Sediment Compaction; Numerical Simulation of Oil- and Gas-Bearing Rock Properties; Chapter 12. Other Applications of Numerical Simulation Methodology; Basic Principles and Calculation Techniques; Simulation of Reservoir-Rock Properties; Simulation of Petrophysical Properties of Rocks; Simulation of Water Invasion into Oil-Saturated Rocks; Simulation of Pore-Fluid (Formation) Pressure; Simulation of Hydrocarbon Resources and Evaluation of Oil and Gas Reserves; Chapter 13. Conclusions (Chapters 8-13); Bibliography , English

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0-88415-342-8

Sprache: Englisch

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (473 p.)

Ausgabe: 2nd ed.

ISBN: 1-281-07846-8 , 9786611078461 , 0-08-053253-5

Inhalt: Geothermal Power Plants: Principles, Applications and Case Studies is the latest book from Ron DiPippo, Professor Emeritus, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth. It is a single resource on all aspects of the utilization of geothermal energy for electric power generation. Written in one voice by a respected authority in the field with twenty-five years of experience in geothermal research, teaching, and consulting, it is intended for those involved in any aspect of the geothermal industry. Grounded in fundamental scientific and engineering principles, its practical emphasis is enhanced by

Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record. , Front Cover; Geothermal Power Plants: Principles, Applications and Case Studies; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgements; PART ONE: RESOURCE IDENTIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT; Chapter 1. Geology of Geothermal Regions; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The earth and its atmosphere; 1.3 Active geothermal regions; 1.4 Model of a hydrothermal geothermal resource; 1.5 Other types of geothermal resources; References; Problems; Chapter 2. Exploration Strategies and Techniques; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Objectives of an exploration program; 2.3 Phases of an exploration program , 2.4 Synthesis and interpretation2.5 The next step: drilling; References; Problems; Chapter 3. Geothermal Well Drilling; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Site preparation and drilling equipment; 3.3 Drilling operations; 3.4 Safety precautions; References; Chapter 4. Reservoir Engineering; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Reservoir and well flow; 4.3 Well testing; 4.4 Calcite scaling in well casings; 4.5 Reservoir modeling and simulation; References; Problems; PART TWO: GEOTHERMAL POWER GENERATING SYSTEMS; Chapter 5. Single-Flash Steam Power Plants; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Gathering system design considerations , 5.3 Energy conversion system5.4 Thermodynamics of the conversion process; 5.5 Example: Single-flash optimization; 5.6 Optimum separator temperature: An approximate formulation; 5.7 Environmental aspects for single-flash plants; 5.8 Equipment list for single-flash plants; References; Problems; Chapter 6. Double-Flash Steam Power Plants; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Gathering system design considerations; 6.3 Energy conversion system; 6.4 Thermodynamics of the conversion process; 6.5 Example: Double-flash optimization; 6.6 Scale potential in waste brine , 6.7 Environmental aspects for double-flash plants6.8 Equipment list for double-flash plants; References; Nomenclature for figures in Chapter 6; Problems; Chapter 7. Dry-Steam Power Plants; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Origins and nature of dry-steam resources; 7.3 Steam gathering system; 7.4 Energy conversion system; 7.5 Example: Optimum wellhead pressure; 7.6 Environmental aspects of dry-steam plants; 7.7 Equipment list for dry-steam plants; References; Nomenclature for figures in Chapter 7; Problems; Chapter 8. Binary Cycle Power Plants; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Basic binary systems , 8.3 Working fluid selection8.4 Advanced binary cycles; 8.5 Example of binary cycle analysis; 8.6 Environmental impact of binary cycles; 8.7 Equipment list for basic binary plants; References; Nomenclature for figures in Chapter 8; Problems; Chapter 9. Advanced Geothermal Energy Conversion Systems; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Hybrid single-flash and double-flash systems; 9.3 Hybrid flash-binary systems; 9.4 Example: Integrated flash-binary hybrid system; 9.5 Total-flow systems; 9.6 Hybrid fossil-geothermal systems; 9.7 Combined heat and power plants; 9.8 Hot dry rock (enhanced geothermal systems) , 9.9 Power plants for hypersaline brines , English

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 1-85617-474-3

Sprache: Englisch

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (519 p.)

ISBN: 1-281-05811-4 , 9786611058111 , 0-08-054209-3

Serie: Developments in petroleum science ; 41

Inhalt: Subsidence of geologic surface structures due to withdrawal of fluids from aquifers and petroleum reservoirs is a phenomenon experienced throughout the world as the demand for water and hydrocarbons increases with increasing population growth. This book addresses the definition and theories of subsidence, and the influences of unique conditions on subsidence; it includes discussions of specific field cases and a basic mathematical model of reservoir compaction and accompanying loss of porosity and permeability. The book is designed as a reference for readers giving immediate access to the geol

Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record. , Front Cover; subsidence Due to Fluid Withdrawal; Copyright Page; CONTENTS; Preface; List of Contributors; CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION TO COMPACTION/SUBSIDENCE-INTRODUCTION TO TECTONICS AND SEDIMENTATION; Introduction to tectonics; Composition of the globe; Movement of sections (plates) of the lithosphere; Continental margins; Introduction to sedimentation; Source and fragmentation of rocks; Classification of sands; Genetic classification of sands on the basis of grain-size distributions; Physical properties of sands and sandstones; Nomenclature; References , CHAPTER 2. COMPACTION OF ARGILLACEOUS SEDIMENTSIntroduction; Clay mineral diagenesis; Mathematical description of compaction; Restoration modeling; Flow of fluids through argillaceous media; Chemistry of interstitial fluids; Fluid chemistry compaction - diagenetic models; Compaction effects on the expulsion of hydrocarbons; Experimental compaction results; Hydrocarbons - geochemical and migration models; Stresses in sediments; Tectonic overcompaction; Compressibilities of sand and clayey sediments; Experimental values; Compaction of carbonates; References; CHAPTER 3. STRESSES IN SEDIMENTS , CompactionLaboratory and mathematical analysis of compaction; Subsidence of depositional basins; Basins and geosynclines; Hydrogeological cycle; Subsidence as a result of fluid withdrawal; Nomenclature; Recommended bibliography; References; CHAPTER 4. POSSIBLE IMPACT OF SUBSIDENCE ON GAS LEAKAGE TO THE SURFACE FROM SUBSURFACE OIL AND GAS RESERVOIRS; Introduction; Current theories of fluid-solid force interaction: a critical review; Fracturing due to subsidence; Mechanisms of gas seepage from pools; Summary; References; CHAPTER 5. SUBSIDENCE STUDIES IN ITALY; General introduction; Measurements , The geotechnical features of sedimentsModelling of the phenomenon; Impact of subsidence on an area and remedies; Case history of the Po Delta; Venice case history; Ravenna case history; Bologna case history; Modena case history; Other cases of subsidence; Acknowledgements; References; CHAPTER 6. SUBSIDENCE IN THE WILMINGTON OIL FIELD, LONG BEACH, CALIFORNIA, USA; Introduction; Geology; Structure; Drilling and completion methods; Subsidence; Results of laboratory tests; Field measurement of compaction and subsidence; Repressurization and rebound; Effects of water injection , References and bibliographyCHAPTER 7. SUBSIDENCE IN VENEZUELA; Introduction; Bolivar coastal fields (Tfa Juana, Lagunillas, Bachaquero); Orinoco Belt subsidence; References; CHAPTER 8. RESERVOIR COMPACTION AND SURFACE SUBSIDENCE IN THE NORTH SEA EKOFISK FIELD; Introduction; Discovery and exploration in the North Sea; Production; Ekofisk Field description; Platforms sinking; Causes of subsidence; Measurements of subsidence; Temporary remedial measures; Permanent remedial measures; Characteristics of the Ekofisk reservoir rocks; Mechanics of the Ekofisk reservoir rocks , Constitutive modeling of the reservoir rocks , English

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0-444-81820-0

Sprache: Englisch

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (1011 p.)

ISBN: 1-281-05525-5 , 9786611055257 , 0-08-052856-2

Serie: Developments in petroleum science ; 44

Inhalt: This second volume on carbonate reservoirs completes the two-volume treatise on this important topic for petroleum engineers and geologists. Together, the volumes form a complete, modern reference to the properties and production behaviour of carbonate petroleum reservoirs. The book contains valuable glossaries to geologic and petroleum engineering terms providing exact definitions for writers and speakers. Lecturers will find a useful appendix devoted to questions and problems that can be used for teaching assignments as well as a guide for lecture development. In addition, there is a chapt

Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record. , Cover; CONTENTS; Preface; List of Contributors; CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION; Overview; Fluid flow relationships; Reservoirs in karsted carbonates; Reservoirs in chalks; Seismic identification of carbonates; References; CHAPTER 2. SEISMIC EXPRESSION OF CARBONATE RESERVOIR SYSTEMS; Introduction; Seismic and synthetic seismograms; Carbonate play types; Recognition of carbonate reservoirs; Seismic character of carbonate systems; Summary and conclusions; References.; CHAPTER 3. COREANALYSIS AND ITS APPLICATION IN RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION; Introduction; Reservoir characterization; Coring , Core handlingCore analysis; Special considerations for core analysis of carbonate reservoirs; Rock catalogs; Summary; Acknowledgments; References; CHAPTER 4. FORMATION EVALUATION; Introduction; Formation evaluation philosophy; Formation properties of interest; Formation evaluation tools; Formation evaluation situations; Petrophysical models; Determination of formation properties of interest; Lithology determination; Porosity determination; Pore fluid saturation determination; Pore fluid property determination; Permeability determination; Net formation thickness determination , Structural and stratigraphic determinationPropagation of error considerations; Summary; Acknowledgments; References; CHAPTER 5. PERFORMANCE AND CLASSIFICATION OF CARBONATE RESERVOIRS; Introduction; Technical overview; Reservoir classification schemes; Incremental recovery technology; Carbonate reservoir characterization; Laboratory and field characterization of carbonate reservoirs; Summary of reservoir characteristics and primary performance data, and references for selected carbonate reservoirs categorized on pore type and drive mechanism (Table); References , CHAPTER 6. WELL TEST ANALYSIS IN CARBONATE RESERVOIRSIntroduction; Pressure transient behavior of reservoirs; Linear flow behavior; Radial cylindrical flow; Spherical flow behavior; Bilinear flow behavior; Flow diagnosis; Pressure drawdown analysis; Skin factor; Pressure transient analysis for gas wells; Agarwal's (1980) method to account for producing-time effects in the analysis of buildup test; Analysis of well interference tests; Determination of the pressure-dependent characteristics of a reservoir , Analysis of variable flow rate using superposition, convolution and deconvolution (desuperposition)A general approach to well test analysis; Additional well test examples; Concluding remarks; Nomenclature; References; CHAPTER 7. NATURALLY-FRACTURED CARBONATE RESERVOIRS; Introduction; Fracturing vs. geological history; Physical properties of fractures and matrix; Fractured carbonate reservoir evaluation through well production data; Fractured limestone reservoir evaluation through transient flow well data; Evluation of matrix-fractures imbibition fluid exchange; Concluding remarks; References , CHAPTER 8. CHALK RESERVOIRS , English

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0-444-82103-1

Sprache: Englisch

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (751 p.)

Ausgabe: 1st ed.

ISBN: 1-280-63091-4 , 9786610630912 , 0-08-045759-2

Serie: Developments in Precambrian geology, 14

Inhalt: Focusing on the Precambrian in the central part of the Fennoscandian Shield, the book combines the results from modern geological and geophysical research into a detailed petrologic, lithologic, and structural synthesis and interpretation of the Archean and Proterozoic of Finland. It will be of value to anyone interested in the evolution of the shield in particular and in Precambrian geology in general.

Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record. , Cover; Table of contents; Preface; Overview; Location, subdivision, timing, and general charateristics; Regional geographic nomenclature; The Archean bedrock; Faulting of Archean crust and emplace -ment of Paleoproterozoic cover rocks; The Svecofennian bedrock; Rapakivi magmatism and the Jotnianperiod; The Vendian period and the Paleozoic era; Late events affecting the bedrock; Archean rocks; Introduction to the Archean of Finland; The extent of the Archean inFinland; Classifying and subdividing theClassifying and subdividing the; The Karelian domain in eastern Finland; Ilomantsi terrain , Hattu supracrustal beltKovero supracrustal belt; Nunnanlahti and Ipatti supra-crustal belts; Lieksa complex - granitoids and high-grade gneisses; Granitoids intruding the Hattu and Kovero supracrustal rocks; Kianta terrain; Suomussalmi greenstone belt; Kuhmo greenstone belt; Tipasjärvi greenstone belt; Granitoids, gneisses, and crustal evolution in the Kianta terrain; Nurmes gneiss complex; Iisalmi terrain; Proterozoic reworking and theboundaries of the Iisalmi terrain; Origin of the present metamorphic Zonation pattern; Varpaisjärvi granulite complex; Rautavaara complex; Ranua terrain , Oijärvi greenstone beltSiurua granulite complex; The Karelian domain in northernFinland; Koillismaa terrain; Napapiiri terrain; Suomu terrain; Tuntsa terrain; Granitoid complexes; Tuntsa and Tulppio supracrustalbelts; Pomokaira terrain; Muonio terrain; Ropi terrain; The Kola domain in Finland; Inari terrain; Sørvaranger terrain; Insights into the deeper Archean crustin Finland; Exhumed deep crustal sections inFinland?; Distribution and composition ofburied Archean crust; Xenoliths and deep seismicstudies; Discussion and synthesis; Archean thermal regimes andtectonic consequences , Regional scenarios and correlationsComparisons and contrastsbetween Archean and Svecofenniancrustal processes; Layered mafi c intrusions of theTornio-Näränkävaara belt; Introduction; Geologic setting of the Tornio-Närän -kävaara belt; Cumulus sequences; General characteristics; Kemi intrusion; Penikat intrusion; Portimo layered igneous complex; Koillismaa layered igneouscomplex; Parental magmas and isotope studies; Parental magmas; Isotope studies; Mineral deposits; Ore types; Kemi chromite deposit; Mustavaara Fe-Ti-V oxide deposit,Koillismaa complex; PGE reefs of the Penikat intrusion , Marginal series Cu-Ni-PGE andreef-type mineralization of theKoillismaa complexDiverse Cu-Ni-PGE mineralizationsin the Portimo complex; PGE geochemistry; Summary and discussion; Central Lapland greenstone belt; Introduction; Main geologic units of northern Finland; Central Lapland greenstone belt; General features; Lithostratigraphy; Salla Group; Geochemistry and Nd isotopes; Geochronology; Onkamo Group; Geochemistry and Nd isotopes; Geochronology; Sodankylä Group; Geochemistry and geochronology.; Savukoski Group; Geochemistry; Geochronology; Kittilä Group; Stable isotopes , Field characteristics and geochemistryof mafi c metavolcanic rocks , English

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0-444-51421-X

Sprache: Englisch

UID:

Umfang: 1 online resource (307 p.)

Ausgabe: 1st ed.

ISBN: 1-281-07670-8 , 9786611076702 , 0-08-055472-5

Inhalt: Critical distance methods are extremely useful for predicting fracture and fatigue in engineering components. They also represent an important development in the theory of fracture mechanics. Despite being in use for over fifty years in some fields, there has never been a book about these methods - until now. So why now? Because the increasing use of computer-aided stress analysis (by FEA and other techniques) has made these methods extremely easy to use in practical situations. This is turn has prompted researchers to re-examine the underlying theory with renewed interest. The book be

Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record. , Front Cover; The Theory of Critical Distances: A New Perspective in Fracture Mechanics; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; Nomenclature; Chapter 1. Introduction; 1.1 Stress-Strain Curves; 1.2 Failure Mechanisms; 1.3 Stress Concentrations; 1.4 Elastic Stress Fields for Notches and Cracks; 1.5 Fracture Mechanics; 1.6 The Failure of Notched Specimens; 1.7 Finite Element Analysis; 1.8 Concluding Remarks: Limitations and Challenges in Failure Prediction; Chapter 2. The Theory of Critical Distances: Basics; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Example 1: Brittle Fracture in a Notched Specimen , 2.3 Example 2: Fatigue Failure in an Engineering Component2.4 Relating the TCD to LEFM; 2.5 Finding Values for the Material Constants; 2.6 Some Other TCD Methods: The LM, AM and VM; 2.7 Example 3: Predicting Size Effects; 2.8 Concluding Remarks; Chapter 3. The Theory of Critical Distances in Detail; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 History; 3.3 Related Theories; 3.4 What is the TCD? Towards a General Definition; Chapter 4. Other Theories of Fracture; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Some Classifications; 4.3 Mechanistic Models; 4.4 Statistical Models; 4.5 Modified Fracture Mechanics , 4.6 Plastic-Zone and Process-Zone Theories4.7 Damage Mechanics; 4.8 Concluding Remarks; Chapter 5. Ceramics; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Engineering Ceramics; 5.3 Building materials; 5.4 Geological Materials; 5.5 Nanomaterials; 5.6 Concluding Remarks; Chapter 6. Polymers; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Notches; 6.3 Size Effects; 6.4 Constraint and the Ductile-Brittle Transition; 6.5 Strain Rate and Temperature Effects; 6.6 Discussion; Chapter 7. Metals; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Predicting Brittle Fracture Using the TCD; 7.3 Discussion; Chapter 8. Composites; 8.1 Introduction , 8.2 Early Work on the TCD: Whitney and Nuismer8.3 Does L Vary with Notch Size?; 8.4 Non-damaging Notches; 8.5 Practical Applications; 8.6 Other Theoretical Models; 8.7 Fracture of Bone; 8.8 Values of L for Composite Materials; 8.9 Concluding Remarks; Chapter 9. Fatigue; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Fatigue Limit Predictions; 9.3 Finite Life Predictions; 9.4 Multiaxial and Variable Amplitude Loading; 9.5 Fatigue in Non-Metallic Materials; 9.6 Other Recent Theories; 9.7 Concluding Remarks; Chapter 10. Contact Problems; 10.1 Introduction; 10.2 Contact Situations; 10.3 Contact Stress Fields , 12.4 Failure Analysis of a Marine Component , English

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0-08-044478-4

Sprache: Englisch

Fachgebiete: Physik